Aircraft wake

Danilin, M.Y., J.M. Rodriguez, M.K.W. Ko, D.K. Weisenstein, R.C. Brown, R.C. Miake-Lye, and M.R. Anderson, 1997 Aerosol particle evolution in an aircraft wake Implications for the high-speed civil transport fleet impact on ozone, J. Geophys. Res., 102,21,453-21,463. 

Yu and Turco [75] first hypothesized that a high level of ionization in fresh exhaust plumes, associated with chemiionization generated in the engine combustors, controls the formation of volatile particles. Simulations and analyses using the APM model (mentioned above) indicate that chemiions indeed dominate the nucleation and growth of the volatile ultrafine particles detected in aircraft wakes [84-86]. In the... 

The aircraft wake has a major influence on spray behavior. 

The AGDISP model is based on actually tracking the motion of discrete particles. The dynamic equations governing the particle trajectory are developed and integrated. The equations include the influence of the aircraft dispersal system configuration, aircraft wake turbulence, atmospheric turbulence, gravity, and evaporation. 

Addition fectort not included in chert VAPOR A TtON AIRCRAFT WAKE ELECTROSTATIC ATTRACTION... 

Wickens, R. H. "A technique for simulating the motion and ground effect of aircraft wake vortices-with particular reference to the spraying of insecticides." LTR-LA-186, Natl. Aeronaut. Establ., Natl. Res. Counc. Can., Ottawa, 1975. 

Aircraft velocity and atomization process, 96 Aircraft wake... 

The generation and subsequent dispersal pattern of droplets from an aircraft is influenced by droplet size, the aircraft wake, meteorology, nozzle positioning and... 

AFC technology is also under development for a number of other air-vehicle system applications. These applications include the control and stabilization of aircraft wakes in the vicinity of directed-energy weapons augmentation or replacement of conventional aircraft-conpol effectors, such as trailing edge flaps and suppression of acoustic loads for internal weapons bays. 

In the past half-decade, extensive studies have focused on aerosol nucleation in aircraft exhaust plumes [79]. This interest has brought attention to the formation of volatile aerosols that might eventually evolve into cloud condensation nuclei [80], Measurements of ultrafine particles reveal remarkably high abundances in jet wakes at very early times (within 1 second of emission) (e.g., [81]). As in the background atmosphere, the classical homogeneous nucleation theory has been applied to explain the number and size distribution of these volatile microscopic particles [82,83], However, while achieving some initial success, the theory has not been able to explain more recent, detailed observations. 

Yu, F., and R. Turco, Evolution of aircraft-generated volatile particles from near to far wakes Potential... 

The relationship of the models inputs and outputs are shown in Figure 7. Major inputs concerning aircraft are fixed wing or helicopter, speed, wing span, weight, wing loading, propeller characteristics, and wake characteristics. 

With the introduction of the Fly-By-Wire system in commercial aviation in the late 1980s, automation surprise has been considered as one of the major contributing factors in aircraft incidents and accidents. In the wake of Air France s Airbus A330 crash in 2009 (where temporary blockage of the pitot tubes by icing started it off and the... 

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and its collaborators have proposed a system-wide information management (SWIM) architecture www.swim. gov) that will enable collaborative, flexible decision-making for all NAS users it is assumed that all NextGen aircraft will be capable of accurately following planned 4-D trajectories (three-dimensional positions plus times), maintaining separation from other traffic, and sharing pertinent information such as GPS coordinates, traffic alerts, and wind conditions. Protocols for system-wide and aircraft-centric decision making must be established to handle adverse weather conditions, encounters with wake turbulence, and situations in which other aircraft deviate from their expected routes. 

Freund JB, Mungal MG (1994) Drag and wake modification of axisymmetric bluff bodies using coanda blowing, J Aircraft 31 572-578... 

The alleged acts of the U.S. authorities in the wake of 911 when suspected high-value terrorists were - without trial-abducted/arrested ( snatched in the media jargon) in one territory and transported by aircraft to another territory for interrogation by US agents or... 

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