Infiltration, air

Residential Construction. Owing to rising energy costs, the cost and low thermal conductivity are of prime importance in wall and ceiling insulation of residential buildings. The combination of insulation efficiency, desirable stmctural properties, ease of appHcation, abiHty to reduce air infiltration, and moisture resistance has led to use of extmded polymeric foam in residential constmction as sheathing, as perimeter and floor insulation under concrete, and as a combined plaster base and insulation for walls. 

Transportation. For short distances from the mine, transportation (qv) is by tmck or conveyor belt. Rail transportation is generally used for greater distances. Slurry pipelines (qv) ate being considered as an alternative. Rail transport over hundreds of kilometers results in loss of surface material in uncovered cats and a tendency to overheat in bottom-dumping tail cats owing to air infiltration around the cracks (31). Proper sealing and covets permit shipping over hundreds of kilometers. 

The rotary-hearth furnace consists of a heating chamber lined with refractory brick within which is an annular-shaped refractory-lined rotating hearth. Around the periphery of the rotating hearth, sand or circulating hquid seals are employed to prevent air infiltration. It can be made semicontinuous in operation. The hearth speed can be... 

Air infiltration through leaks, holes, and door openings... 

Liddament, M. W. 1986. Air Infiltration Calculation Techniques An Application Guide. Air Infiltration and Ventilation Center, Coventry, UK,... 

Thomas, D. A., and J. B. Dick. 1953. Air infiltration through gaps around windows. flHVE, vol. 

Air infiltration and exfilttation, ait exchange between rooms, mean indoor air quality in a room natural venti iation... 

Orme M., Liddament M., Wilson A. Numerical data for air infiltration and natural ventilation calculations. Coventry Air infiltration and ventilation centre (AIVC), Feb. 1998. 

Orme M. Applicable models for air infiltration and ventilation calculations. Coventry Ait Infiltration and Ventilation Centre (AIVC), 1998. 

Allard E, et al. Fundamentals of multizone airflow model- COMtS. Coventry Air Infiltration and Ventilation Centre (AI C), 1990. 

Sherman, M. H. Air infiltration in buildings. Pli.D. thesis, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 1980. 

Liddament M. W. A guide to energy efficient ventilation. Coventry Air Infiltration and Vcntilatitm Centre (AIVC), 1996. 

Air infiltration The uncontrolled air interchange through structural imperfections and other openings into a space, due to natural convection, rising currents, or wind forces over a building. 

Air infiltration, balanced Infiltration that takes place at a constant or balanced rate. 

Air infiltration, unbalanced Infiltration that takes place at an unbalanced or variable rate. 

Thermal load The heating or cooling requirements of a space due to structural gains or losses and the air infiltration and mechanical ventilation. The load produced by a process in a working environment. 

Buildings are ventilated mechanically with the ITVAC systems where it is a controlled process, as well as via air infiltration and through the openable windows and doors where it is largely an uncontrolled process. However, as discussed earlier, mechanical ventilation is one of the most energy-intensive methods of reducing indoor pollutant concentrations primarily because of the need to thermally condition air before it can be circulated inside the occupied spaces. It is estimated that the... 

Klems, J. (1983). Methods of Estimating Air Infiltration through Window. Energy and Buildings 5 243—252. 

However, simple-case type solutions (which are often good enough to establish whether mechanical ventilation is required or excessive air infiltration problems may exist) can be identified. These simple solutions are based on knowledge of ... 

Calculated heat losses - Building fabric loss = 146,000 W Air infiltration loss = 152,000 W Total loss = 298,000 W... 

Heat converted from outside (air infiltration or ventilation), hoth sensible and latent... 

Heat gain by forced or natural convection - air infiltration and fresh air supply - sensible and latent heat... 

The contamination of returned condensate may develop in several ways. Where the steam-condensate system is subject to air infiltration, the result-... 

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