AIDS, dementia associated with

Under investigation tor dementia associated with HIV/AIDS... 

Ancuta P, Kamat A, Kunstman KJ, Kim EY, Autissier P, Wurcel A, Zaman T, Stone D, Mefford M, Morgello S, Singer EJ, Wolinsky SM, Gabuzda D (2008) Microbial translocation is associated with increased monocyte activation and dementia in AIDS patients. PLoS ONE 3(6) e2516... 

Moore DJ, Masliah E, Rippeth JD, Gonzalez R, Carey CL, Cherner M, Ellis RJ, Achim CL, Marcotte TD, Heaton RK, Grant I (2006) Cortical and subcortical neurodegeneration is associated with HIV neurocognitive impairment. Aids 20(6) 879-887 Nath A (2002) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proteins in neuropathogenesis of HIV dementia. J Infect Dis 186(Suppl 2) S193-S198... 

While the prevalence of DSP continues to rise as patients with HIV infection live longer, the incidence of HIV-associated neuropathy may be on the decline. Schifitto et al in the Northeast AIDS Dementia (NEAD) Consortium estimated the 1-year incidence of symptomatic neuropathy in a cohort of patients on HAART at 21% (Schifitto et al. 2005), compared to an incidence of 36% in a prior cohort from the pre-HAART era (Schifitto et al. 2002). This suggests that HAART may change the natural history of HIV-associated DSP (Comblath and Hoke 2006). 

Nath A, Jones M, Maragos W, Booze R, Mactutus C, BeU J, Hauser KF, Mattson M (2000) Neurotoxicity and dysfunction of dopamine systems associated with AIDS dementia. Psychopharmacol 14 222-227... 

Ranki A, Nyberg M, Ovod V, Haltia M, Elovaara I, Raininko R, Haapasalo H, Krohn K (1995) Abundant expression of HIV Nef and Rev proteins in brain astrocytes in vivo is associated with dementia. AIDS 9 1001-1008... 

Use of diphenhydramine, mainly as a sleeping aid, has been associated with cognitive impairment in elderly people without dementia (228). 

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