AFM Structuring

In Fig. 97, the nanostructures in the polymer are shown. Three lines are visible, which have a width of approximately 25 nm and a length of 200-300 nm. The mechanical nature of the structuring is clearly visible by the walls at the end of the structured line (lower part of the line, green color). 

This combined method has the advantage that the surface of the AFM resist is not too sensitive to storage or handling, because the polymer only gets activated by laser irradiation just prior to its application. 

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) Structure, topography force measurements Commonly involves tip/ sample repulsion... 

Fig. 9 Proposed 3D AFM structure and molecular ordering scheme of (NH3)K3C60 derived from NMR experiments [33]...

AFm phases have layer structures derived from that of CH by the ordered replacement of one Ca ion in three by AF" or Fe (Fig. 6.1) (A7-A9). The principal layers thus defined alternate with interlayers containing the X anions, which balance the charge, and H2O molecules. The replacement of Ca by the smaller AF or Fe " ions distorts the structure of the principal layer, alternate Ca ions moving in opposite directions from its central plane. This allows each to coordinate the oxygen atom of an interlayer HjO molecule in addition to its six OFI ions. The principal layer, together with the H2O molecules thus bonded to the Ca ions, has the composition [Ca2(Al,Fe)(0Fl)g-2Fl20]. In the simpler AFm structures, these units are stacked in such a way as to produce octahedral cavities surrounded by three FljO molecules from each of the adjacent layers. These cavities may contain... 

AFM Structure of adsorbed layers Requires expert persoimel... 

Fig. 13 Magnetic phases of KMnp3. Black and white small spheres represent spin up and down Mn ions the dashed lines in the AFM structure connect Mn ions with the same spin in (111) planes...

Erbium. The easy direction in Er is the c-axis, and below the second-order Neel transition (Tn = 85 K), the moments order in a longitudinal sine-wave structure. As the temperature is lowered the sine squares up. Aroimd Tb = 52 K, a basal plane component begins to order, leading to a helical AFM structure. Finally, at 7c = 20K a first-order transition into a steep cone (opening angle 30 ) FM spin structure takes place. Several (first-order) spin-slip transitions occur in the helical AFM phase. 

Bulk magnetic data under applied pressure (Fournier et al. 1980) gave strong evidence for itinerant magnetism in UN, in contrast to UAs (and UP), where f electron itinerancy is weak, if present at all. The xSR data for the comparable AFM structure in UAs is not fundamentally different from that of UN, which lends direct evidence to the statement made earlier that xSR is not particularly sensitive to 5f electron delocalization. 

Several transitions into different AFM structures follow. 

Keywords atomic force microscopy (AFM), structure, morphology, spherulite, hedrite, lamella, conformation, chain packing, films, scanning force microscopy (SFM), tapping mode, syndiotactic PP, (3-PP, transcrystallinity, corona treatment, biaxial orientation. 

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