Affective instability

The undeuterated salt was refluxed with deuterium oxide to effect deuterium exchange, then the excess was evaporated off under vacuum. Towards the end of the evaporation the moist residue exploded violently. The presence of D is not likely to affect instability of the structure. 

Second, medications can be used to manage symptoms of the personality disorder itself. Among the list of personality disorders, troubling symptoms include impulsiv-ity, paranoia, anxiety, and affective instability. These are all symptoms that can to... 

Norepinephrine-Blocking Medications. There is some evidence that exaggerated norepinephrine activity plays a part in the affective instability, aggression, and impulsivity seen in a variety of psychiatric illnesses including the personality disorders. This may in fact explain why the TCAs, which tend to increase norepinephrine activity, have not proved helpful for BPD. Based on this theory, beta blockers, which interfere with norepinephrine activity at the beta-adrenergic receptor, may help in the treatment of impulsivity and aggression in those with BPD. 

A 37-year-old obese white woman with affective instability and obesity taking topiramate (up to 275 mg/day) lost 10 kg over 10 weeks, although she remained obese (BMI 52 kg/m2). She also improved mentally. 

One is entitled to surmise, therefore, that affective instability and intellectual impairment may be the consequence of neuropathology at the level of the basal ganglia TDAK [tardive akathisia] is one manifes-... 

Hollander E, Pallanti S, Allen A, Sood E, Baldini Rossi N. Does sustained-release lithium reduce impulsive gambling and affective instability versus placebo in pathological gamblers with bipolar spectrum disorders Am J Psychiatry 2005 162 137-45. 

There is a growing body of evidence to support the efficacy of low-dose SCAs in decreasing impulsivity, aggression, self-injury, affective instability, and psychosis in BPD. ° If response is suboptimal within 4-6 weeks, the dose can be increased to the range used for Axis I disorders. Over the past few years, olanzapine (5-20 mg/day) has been the most thoroughly studied SCA for treating BPD. Olanzapine has benefited patients in all measured domains,... 

This chapter focuses on the stability properties of networks or arrays of coupled monostable units or cells. We consider two types of coupling, namely diffusive coupling and photochemical coupling. The two main concerns are how the topology of the network connectivity and how spatial inhomogeneities in the array affect instabilities. Spatially discrete systems or networks of coupled cells are described by sets of ordinary differential equations. Methods to determine the stability of stationary states of ODEs are well developed. 

The foregoing discussion leads to the question of whether actual foams do, in fact, satisfy the conditions of zero resultant force on each side, border, and comer without developing local variations in pressure in the liquid interiors of the laminas. Such pressure variations would affect the nature of foam drainage (see below) and might also have the consequence that films within a foam structure would, on draining, more quickly reach a point of instability than do isolated plane films. 

What are the mechanisms by which slow, laminar combustion can be transformed into an intense, blast-generating process This transformation is most strongly influenced by turbulence, and secondarily by combustion instabilities. A laminar-flame front propagating into a turbulent mixture is strongly affected by the turbulence. Low-intensity turbulence will only wrinkle the flame front and enlarge its surface area. With increasing turbulence intensity, the flame front loses its more-or-less smooth, laminar character and breaks up into a combustion zone. In an intensely turbulent mixture, combustion takes place in an extended zone in which... 

A nitro group in the 4-position markedly increases the instability of the isoxazole ring in alkaline medium. This effect is clearly demonstrated by 3,5-dime thy 1-4-nitroisoxazole. Whereas 3,5-dimethyl-isoxazole is not affected by alkali, its 4-nitro-derivative (134) is cleaved by 2% sodium hydroxide. The structure of the product was proved by its conversion into a triazole (135) with phenyl diazonium chloride, according to the original authors. ... 

As we discussed, fans and blowers are prone to aerodynamic instability. The indication of abnormal vanepass suggests that this may be contributing to the problem. The additional data provided by the narrowband readings help to eliminate many of the possible failure modes that could be affect the blower. However, we still cannot confirm the specific problem. 

Metals immersed or partly immersed in water tend to corrode because of their thermodynamic instability. Natural waters contain dissolved solids and gases and sometimes colloidal or suspended matter all these may affect the corrosive projjerties of the water in relation to the metals with which it is in contact. The effect may be either one of stimulation or one of suppression, and it may affect either the cathodic or the anodic reaction more rarely there may be a general blanketing effect. Some metals form a natural protective film in water and the corrosiveness of the water to these metals depends on whether or not the dissolved materials it contains assist in the maintenance of a self-healing film. 

Theory D. The presence of small quantities of sulfate, either as combined or free acid which is readily removed, does not greatly affect the stability of the NC. The real cause of instability is the presence in more intimate association with the NC, of other compds which cannot be removed by exhaustive washings. These compds which are acidic in character and exist in small quantities, are formed during the nitration of the cellulose. They can be removed only by prolonged boiling in either w or ale. The presence of acid or salt solns does not increase the ease of stabilization during boiling... 

The opposite scenario also may occur, whereby a localized pre-boiler water chemistry problem can affect the downstream, mechanical operation of a boiler. As an example, difficulties in the control of pretreatment equipment may lead to treated MU water instability, causing downstream after-precipitation, leading to FW line blockages, and finally resulting in boiler cutout as a result of low water. 

In the previous sections, we indicated how, under certain conditions, pressure may be used to induce immiscibility in liquid and gaseous binary mixtures which at normal pressures are completely miscible. We now want to consider how the introduction of a third component can bring about immiscibility in a binary liquid that is completely miscible in the absence of the third component. Specifically, we are concerned with the case where the added component is a gas in this case, elevated pressures are required in order to dissolve an appreciable amount of the added component in the binary liquid solvent. For the situation to be discussed, it should be clear that phase instability is not a consequence of the effect of pressure on the chemical potentials, as was the case in the previous sections, but results instead from the presence of an additional component which affects the chemical potentials of the components to be separated. High pressure enters into our discussion only indirectly, because we want to use a highly volatile substance for the additional component. 

The experimental investigations of boiling instability in parallel micro-channels have been carried out by simultaneous measurements of temporal variations of pressure drop, fluid and heater temperatures. The channel-to-channel interactions may affect pressure drop between the inlet and the outlet manifold as well as associated temperature of the fluid in the outlet manifold and heater temperature. Figure 6.37 illustrates this phenomenon for pressure drop in the heat sink that contains 13 micro-channels of d = 220 pm at mass flux G = 93.3kg/m s and heat flux q = 200kW/m. The temporal behavior of the pressure drop in the whole boiling system is shown in Fig. 6.37a. The considerable oscillations were caused by the flow pattern alternation, that is, by the liquid/two-phase alternating flow in the micro-channels. The pressure drop FFT is presented in Fig. 6.37b. Under... 

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