AEC

Tertiary alcohols are more readily dehydrated than secondary alcohols, whilst primary alcohols are dehydrated with comparative difficulty. Thus the reaction proceeds easily with 33 per cent, sulphuric acid (1 acid 2 water, by volume) for amyl alcohol, but 50 per cent, (by volume) is required for aec.-amyl alcohol. Higher concentrations of acid tend to lead to increasing polymerisation of the olefine and are therefore usually avoided. 

Alternatively, use the equivalent amount of n-butyl chloride and prepare the Grignard reagent as for aec.-biltyl magnesium chloride. 

Concentrate the combined filtrate and washings (W) to about half the original volume, and pour it into sUghtly more than the calculated amount of dilute hydrochloric acid (use a mixture of 30 ml. of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 30 ml. of ice-water) then add about 300 ml. of water. Collect the active aec.-octyl hydrogen phthalate (crude lA) as above (5). The weight of the air-dried ester is about half that of the dl-ester originally used (7). 

Crystallise the two lots of crude active aec. -octyl hydrogen phthalates separately twice from 90 per cent, acetic acid use 2 g. of acetic acid to each gram of soUd. The recrystaUised esters, if optically pure (8), will melt sharply at 75° if the melting points are below 75°, further recrystallisation is necessary. The yields of optically pure products, m.p. 75°, are 48 g. and 49 g. respectively. 

This is due to methyl n-hexyl ketone in the original aec.-octyl alcohol it is most easily separated by steam distillation as described. 

The inactive aec.-octyl hydrogen phthalate may be recrystallised from light petroleum, b.p. 60-80°, or from glacial acetic acid, and then melts at 55°. 

If the aec.-octyl alcoliol is pure the yield of pure material is almost quantitative. 

I. G. Ryss, The Chemistry of Fluorine and Its Inorganic Compounds State Publishing House of Scientific, Technical, and Chemical Literature, Moscow, 1956 Eng. trans., AEC-tr-3927, Office of Technical Services, U.S. Dept, of Commerce, Washington D.C., 1960. 

J. L. Woolfrey, Preparation and Caldnation of Ammonium Uranates—-A Eiterature Survey, AEC/TM-476, AustraUm Atomic Energy Commission, Lucas Heights, Austraha, Sept. 1968. 

When the NRC, headquartered in Rockville, Maryland, took over the responsibiUties of the AEC in 1974, many of the AEC s research and development functions, particularly many covering new technology development and nuclear weapons production, were assumed by the U.S. Department of Energy. However, the NRC has maintained some research and developmental capabiUties which are handled by the NRC s Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. 

J. W. MausteUar, F. Tepper, and S. J. Rodgers, "Alkali Metal Handling and Systems Operating Techniques," AEC Monograph, Gordon and Breach, New York, 1967. 

AEC Gaseous Diffusion Plant Operations, USAEC Report No. ORO-684, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, D.C., Jan. 1972. 

A given value for Aec enables a cost in, say, dollars per gigajoule, to be assigned to the heat energy made available by a heat pump. 

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