Young equation adhesion

The Attachment of Air Bubbles. Particles are carried upward and are held in the froth if air bubbles can be attached to them. The adhesion of bubbles is only possible if the particle surface is sufficiently hydrophobic. The contact angle (see Appendix Chapter 4) is an important variable related to the adhesion of bubbles to solid surfaces. As shown in Fig. A.4.1, Chapter 4, and by Youngs Equation (Eq. A.4.3, Chapter 4)... 

See also -> adhesion, -> Dupre equation, -> Lippmann equation, -> Lippmann capillary electrometer, -> point of zero charge, -> Young equation. 

This work of adhesion can be combined with the Young equation ... 

Substituting the Youngs equation into the expression for work of adhesion yields ... 

In order to consider this influence, the Young equation was modified, by introducing of the notion of reversible mechanical work of adhesion ... 

The work of adhesion of a solid with a liquid, forming a contact angle 0 with the solid surface, is given by the classical Young equation [3] ... 

See also capillarity, adhesion, double layer, Dupre equation, Gibbs-Lippmann equation, electrocapillary equation, -> electrokinetic effects, Lipp-mann equation, Lippmann capillary electrometer, point of zero charge, Young equation, Wilhelmy... 

The angle of wetting depends on the type of adhesive (or sealant) and the nature of the substrate. Wetting follows the Young equation (refer to Fig. 17) ... 

Contact angle between liquid and solid Yes (many goniometers and other methods) Yes (combination of Young equation with a theory for solid-liquid interfaces) Wetting, adhesion, characterization and modification of surfaces... 

Such analysis is based on the theories presented in this chapter, the concept of the contact angle and the associated Young equation discussed in Chapter 4. The analysis of solid interfaces and its application in understanding wetting and adhesion will be illustrated in Chapter 6, after the concept of contact angle is presented in Chapter 4 and surfactants in Chapter 5. Theories for interfacial tension wiU be discussed in more detail in Chapter 15. 

Combining theories of interfacial tensions with Young equation and work of adhesion for studying wetting and adhesion... 

All interfacial theories can be used to estimate the theoretical work of adhesion and, in combination with the Young equation for contact angle, also the solid components and solid surface tensions, which cannot be directly measured. Thus, the theories can be used to understand wetting and adhesion phenomena and for characterizing solid surfaces. 

In conclusion, the surface analysis showed that the laser machined surface shows more attraction to the activation solution. This (partially) explains why, after rinsing with water, there are still activation drops on the laser machined area but not on the original polymer surface. This explanation is useful, especially when the chemical bonding mechanism is still not available. Nevertheless, our analysis does have limitations as the Young equation is based on ideal smooth surfaces. When porosity or roughness are included, factors such as interlock forces and maybe even chemical bonding may contribute to the adhesion work between the activation solution and the surface. 

Two approaches-tools for studying wetting phenomena presented are the Zisman s plot and associated concept of the critical surface tension and the use of interfacial theories. The latter approach may be more complex but provides more information especially when combined with the Young equation for the contact angle. The work of adhesion and the characterization/profile of the solid surface can be obtained as well as ideas about what contaminants... 

In the Young equation (equation 7) only 7lv and cos 0 are directly measurable. However, 7sv and 7sl have been found to be useful parameters for predicting the adhesion between materials. Fox and... 

Equation X-17 was stated in qualitative form by Young in 1805 [30], and we will follow its designation as Young s equation. The equivalent equation, Eq. X-19, was stated in algebraic form by Dupre in 1869 [31], along with the definition of work of adhesion. An alternative designation for both equations, which are really the same, is that of the Young and Dupre equation (see Ref. 32 for an emphatic dissent). 

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