Additional References for Further Study

FLOW INSTABILITY PREDICTIONS AND ADDITIONAL REFERENCES FOR FURTHER STUDY... 

Additional references are given here for recent research work on the subject of this chapter, which are recommended for further study. 

The most generally employed approach for the formation of cyclopropanes is the addition of a carbene or carbenoid to an alkene. In many cases, a free carbene is not involved as an actual intermediate, but instead the net, overall transformation of an alkene to a cyclopropane corresponds, in at least a formal sense, to carbene addition. In turn, the most traditional method for effecting these reactions is to employ diazo compounds, R R2 —N2, as precursors. Thermal, photochemical and metal-catalyzed reactions of these diazo compounds have been studied thoroughly and are treated separately in the discussion below. These reactions have been subjects of several comprehensive reviews,8 to which the reader is referred for further details and literature citations. Emphasis in the present chapter is placed on recent examples. 

The material presented in this chapter provides an introduction to the vast area of reactions of coordination compounds. In addition to the types of reactions described, there is an extensive chemistry of reactions of coordinated ligands. Because many ligands are organic molecules, it is possible to carry out reactions on the ligands without disruption of the complexes, and some such reactions have been mentioned in this chapter. Several others will be shown in Chapter 21. Many reactions of coordination compounds have been studied in detail, and much is known about processes taking place in both solids and solutions. However, it is not possible in a book such as this to do more than introduce the field, but the listed references provide a basis for further study of this area. 

With this brief survey of the marvelously complex field of inorganic chemistry, we now turn to the details in the remainder of this book. The topics included provide a broad introduction to the field. However, even a cursory examination of a chemical library or one of the many inorganic journals shows some important aspects of inorganic chemistry that must be omitted in a short textbook. The references cited in the text suggest resources for further study, including historical sources, texts, and reference works that can provide useful additional material. 

These explanations serve as an introduction to the principles of process control. For further study, see the Additional Selected References. The Process Instruments and Controls Handbook cited previously is particularly recommended. 

In designing an electrolytic plant it is essential to know accurately the amount of energy consumed in order to supply required sources of heat and to have necessary heat exchanger capacity available for addition or removal of heat. A heat or energy balance has to be performed, using the laws of thermodynamics. Only the outlines can be discussed here for further study, the reader is referred to a standard book of physical chemistry such as that by W. J. Moore. 

The papers in this volume are the result of the contributions given in the Aberystwyth meeting. We have attempted to make this volume useful for the non-expert and a comprehensive introduction to theory, as well as the instrumentation used in the studies are discussed in detail. The application of fast reaction methods to a wide range of topics are described and in addition, new developments and perspectives have been covered by several authors. This volume reflects the current gtate of the art of fast reactions in solution and it is hoped that it will serve as an incentive for further studies, particularly with reference to new areas of research. 

---