Acyl group naming

Acid halides are named by identifying first the acyl group and then the halide. The acyl group name is derived from the carboxylic acid name by replacing the -ic acid ending with -yl or the -carboxylic acid ending with -carbonyl, as described previously in Section 20.1 and shown in Table 20.1 on page 753. For example ... 

Acyl halides are named by placing the name of the appropriate halide after that of the acyl group... 

In naming carboxylic acid anhydrides in which both acyl groups are the same we simply specify the acid and replace acid by anhydride When the acyl groups are dif ferent they are cited m alphabetical order... 

The systematic lUPAC name of ethyl acetoacetate is ethyl 3 oxobutanoate The presence of a ketone carbonyl group is indicated by the designation oxo along with the appro priate locant Thus there are four carbon atoms m the acyl group of ethyl 3 oxobutanoate C 3 being the carbonyl carbon of the ketone function... 

Carboxyl and acyl groups take precedence over the phenolic hydroxyl m deter mining the base name The hydroxyl is treated as a substituent m these cases... 

A-substituted primary amides are named either (1) by citing the substituents as N prefixes or (2) by naming the acyl group as an N substituent of the parent compound. For example. 

When the cyclic component is benzene or naphthalene, the -ic acid or -oic acid of the acid corresponding to the acyl group is changed to -ophenone or -onaphthone, respectively. For example, C5H5—CO—CH2CH2CH3 can be named either butyrophenone (or butanophenone) or phenyl propyl ketone. 

Table 20.1 Common Names of Some Carboxylic Acids and Acyl Groups...

Acyl phosphates are named by citing the acyl group and adding the word phosphate. Tf an alkyl group is attached to one of the phosphate oxygens, it is identified after the name of the acyl group. In biological chemistry, acyl adenosyl phosphates are particularly common. 

Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction and,557-558 resonance in, 558 Acyl group, 557, 686 names of, 753 Acyl phosphate, 816 naming, 788 Acylation (aromatic), see... 

Acyl fluoride-Lewis acid complexes, 12 176 Acyl groups, systematic names of, 17 398 Acyl halides... 

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