Activated carbon fibers preparation

Shiraishi, S., Kurihara, H., Shi, L., Nakayama, T., and Oya, A. Electric double-layer capacitance of meso/macroporous activated carbon fibers prepared by the blending method. J. Electrochem. Soc. 149, 2002 A855-A861. 

Raymundo-Pinero, E., Cazorla-Amoros, D., Linares-Solano, A., Find, J., Wild, U., and Schlogl, R. Structural characterization of N-containing activated carbon fibers prepared from a low softening point petroleum pitch and a melamine resin. Carbon 40, 2002 597-608. 

FIGURE 4.20 Volume corrected invariant versus beam position for the chemically activated carbon fiber prepared from pitch-based carbon fiber (samples CFK60 and CFNa65). The vertical lines indicate the fiber diameter (CFK60—dashed lines andCFK65—full lines). (From Lozano-Castello, D., et al., Carbon, 44, 1121, 2006. With permission.)... 

Martinez, A. A., et al. (1997). Microporous texture of activated carbon fibers prepared from aramid fiber pulp, Microporous Mater. 11, 5-6, 303-311. 

Figure 1. STM image of the microporous structure of activated carbon fiber prepared from Kevlar pulp. Reprinted with permission from ref. 15. Copyright 2001 American Chemical Society.

Another example to show the usefulness of this technique is to study the effect of the fiber diameter in the porosity development. In doing that, two activated carbon fibers prepared... 

The examples presented in this work illustrate the suitability of pSAXS technique to characterize activated carbon fibers. It has been shown the isotropy features in activated carbon fibers prepared from different precursors and using different activating agents. In addition, this technique is able to obtain scattering measurements across the fiber diameter, which has allows us to obtain maps of pores distribution. The present results show that... 

Z. Ryu, H. Rong, J. eng, M. Wang, and B. Zhang, Microstructure and chemical analysis of PAN-based activated carbon fibers prepared by different activation methods. Carbon 40 (2002) pp. 1144-1147. 

Figure 2 shows the SAXS plots for the activated carbon fibers prepared by CO2 and steam activation. All the scattering curves have the same trend, and the main difference between them is that intensity increases with bum-off due to the development of porosity. In order to estimate the mean pore size from SAXS data, a general approach based on Guinier equation has been used [25]... 

Figure 2. SAXS plots for the activated carbon fibers prepared by a) CO2 and b) steam activation...

Lin, R. Y. and Economy, J., Preparation and properties of activated carbon fibers derived from phenolic resin precursor, Appl. Polym. Symp., 1973, 21, 143 152. 

Oya, A., Wakahara, T, andYoshida, S., Preparation of pitch-based antibacterial activated carbon fiber, Carbon, 1993, 31(8), 1243 1247. 

Oya, A., Yoshida, S, Alcafliz-Monge, J. and Linares-Solano, A., Preparation and properties of an antibacterial activated carbon fiber containing mesopores, Carbon, 1996, 34(1), 53 57. 

A wide variety of carbon materials has been used in this study, including multi-wall carbon nanotubes (sample MWNT) chemically activated multi-wall carbon nanotubes (sample A-MWNT)16, commercially available vapor grown carbon nanofibers (sample NF) sample NF after chemical activation with K.OH (sample A-NF) commercially pitch-based carbon fiber from Kureha Company (sample CF) commercially available activated carbons AX-21 from Anderson Carbon Co., Maxsorb from Kansai Coke and Chemicals and commercial activated carbon fibers from Osaka Gas Co. (A20) a series of activated carbons prepared from a Spanish anthracite (samples named K.UA) and Subituminous coal (Samples H) by chemical activation with KOH as described by D. Lozano-Castello et al.17 18 activated carbon monoliths (ACM) prepared from different starting powder activated carbons by using a proprietry polymeric binder from Waterlink Sutcliffe Carbons, following the experimental process described in the previous paper13. 

The type of analysis done in Section 4.3.3.1.1 for physically activated carbon fibers (activated with C02 and steam) has been extended to ACF prepared by chemical activation with KOH and NaOH, using the same raw material (isotropic carbon fibers [Kureha Chemical Industry Co.]). 

This trend observed for chemically activated carbon fibers is very different from that obtained for the ACF prepared by physical activation of the same raw carbon fiber with C02 and steam, where the maximum scattering appears at the external zone of the fiber (see Figure 4.19). In the case of NaOH and KOH activation, the results indicate that the activating agents penetrate the fiber, which is a new interesting observation, which points out that alkaline hydroxides penetrate much better than C02 and steam. The different evolution of porosity obtained for the chemically activated carbon fibers compared to the physically activated carbon fibers could be explained considering the important differences between the mechanisms of both the activation methods. 

Usually the activated carbon granules are employed for chromium removal or for catalysts preparation. However in some previous reports the perspectives and advantages of activated carbon fibers (ACF) utilization for the same employment have been documented [2,4]. It seems from the analysis of the articles that the use of ACF or activated carbon cloth has a great potential. 

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