Acids Lewis structures

Lewis structures frequently contain atoms that bear a positive or negative charge If the molecule as a whole is neutral the sum of its positive charges must equal the sum of Its negative charges An example is nitric acid HNO3... [Pg.17]

Like nitric acid each of the following inorganic compounds will be frequently encountered in this text Calculate the formal charge on each of the atoms in the Lewis structures given... [Pg.19]

The opening paragraph of this chapter emphasized that the connection between structure and properties is what chemistry is all about We have just seen one such con nection From the Lewis structure of a molecule we can use electronegativity to tell us about the polarity of bonds and combine that with VSEPR to predict whether the mol ecule has a dipole moment In the next several sections we 11 see a connection between structure and chemical reactivity as we review acids and bases... [Pg.32]

Electron Delocalization in the Conjugate Base With a of —1 4 nitnc acid is almost completely ionized m water If we look at the Lewis structure of nitric acid m light of what we have said about inductive effects we can see why The N atom m nitric acid IS not only electronegative m its own right but bears a formal charge of +1 which enhances its ability to attract electrons away from the —OH group... [Pg.42]

This chapter sets the stage for all of the others by reminding us that the relationship between structure and properties is what chemistry is all about It begins with a review of Lewis structures moves to a discussion of the Arrhenius Brpnsted-Lowry and Lewis pictures of acids and bases and the effects of structure on acidity and basicity... [Pg.47]

Electron delocalization m the conjugate base usually expressed via resonance between Lewis structures increases acidity... [Pg.50]

Nucleophiles can also act as acids and bases, and this behavior substantially alters their nucleophilicity. At pH 5, trimethylamine exists mainly as its conjugate acid, trimethylammonium cation. First draw a Lewis structure, and then examine the electrostatic potential for trimethylammonium ion. On the basis of the map, which is the better nucleophile, the cation or the corresponding neutral amine At pH 12, phenol exists mainly as its conjugate base, phenoxide anion. First draw a Lewis structure (or series of Lewis structures), and then examine the electrostatic potential map for phenoxide anion. Which is the better nucleophile, phenoxide or phenol ... [Pg.87]

Phenol has different chemical properties from those of typical alcohols. Display the electrostatic potential map for phenol. Does this suggest that phenol is likely to be a stronger or weaker acid than any of the compounds discussed above Compare the electrostatic potential map for 4-nitrophenol to that for phenol. What effect does substitution by nitro have on acid strength Explain your result by considering charge delocalization in the conjugate base. Draw all reasonable Lewis structures for phenoxide anion and for 4-nitrophenoxide anion. Which is more delocalized Is this consistent with experimental pKa s ... [Pg.122]

Leuprolide, structure of, 1056 I.evorotatory, 295 Lewis, Gilbert Newton. 8 Lewis acid, 57-58 examples of, 58 reactions of, 57-58 Lewis base, 57, 59-60 examples of, 59 reactions of, 59-60 Lewis structure, 9 resonance and, 43 Lexan, structure and uses of, 819,... [Pg.1303]

Oxalic acid, H2C204, is a poisonous compound found in rhubarb leaves. Draw the Lewis structure for oxalic acid. There is a single bond between the two carbon atoms, each hydrogen atom is bonded to an oxygen atom, and each carbon is bonded to two oxygen atoms. [Pg.192]

Dinitrogen pentoxide, N205, when bubbled into water can form nitric acid. Its skeleton structure has no N—N or O—O bonds. Write its Lewis structure. [Pg.192]

Below are two different Lewis structures for nitrous acid (HN02). Which is foe better Lewis structure based only on formal charge ... [Pg.193]

Write the Lewis structure for acetic acid, CH COOH, the carboxylic acid in vinegar formed when the ethanol in wine is oxidized. In the —COOH group, both O atoms are attached to the same C atom, and one of them is bonded to the final H atom. The two C atoms are bonded to each other. [Pg.192]

Write the complete Lewis structure for each of the following compounds (a) formaldehyde, HCHO, which as its aqueous solution formalin is used to preserve biological specimens (b) methanol, CH3OH, the toxic compound also called wood alcohol (c) glycine, H2C(NH2)COOH, the simplest of the amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. [Pg.211]

Write the Lewis structure of each of the following organic compounds (a) ethanol, Cl IjCLLOH, which is also called ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol (b) methylamine, CH3NH2, a putridsmelling substance formed when flesh decays (c) formic acid, HCOOH, a component of the venom injected by ants. [Pg.211]

Draw the Lewis structure for each of the following species and identify each as a Lewis acid or Lewis base ... [Pg.558]

Write the Lewis structures of each reactant, identify the Lewis acid and the Lewis base, and then write the Lewis... [Pg.558]

Draw the Lewis structure for boric acid, B(OH),. (a) Is resonance important for its description (b) The proton transfer equilibrium for boric acid is given in a footnote to Table 10.1. [Pg.562]

In that reaction does boric acid act as a Lewis acid, a I ewis base, or neither Justify your answer by using Lewis structures of boric acid and its conjugate base. [Pg.562]

Predict the formula and Lewis structure ol the anhydride that corresponds to each of th< following acid-- m HCI<) ... [Pg.774]

A segment of a protein is analyzed and found to contain the amino acid sequence Glu-Lcu-Asp. Draw the Lewis structure of this segment, showing the peptide bonds. [Pg.901]

Lewis, G. N., 60, 64, 398 Lewis acid, 398, 473, 671 Lewis base, 398, 473 Lewis structure, 65 writing, 67 Lewis symbol, 60 Lewis theory, limitations of, 115... [Pg.1034]

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