Acid phosphatase abbreviation

Figure 5 Model of phosphorus (P) deficiency-induced physiological changes associated with the release of P-mobilizing root exudates in cluster roots of white lupin. Solid lines indicate stimulation and dotted lines inhibition of biochemical reaction sequences or mclaholic pathways in response to P deliciency. For a detailed description see Sec. 4.1. Abbreviations SS = sucrose synthase FK = fructokinase PGM = phosphoglueomutase PEP = phosphoenol pyruvate PE PC = PEP-carboxylase MDH = malate dehydrogenase ME = malic enzyme CS = citrate synthase PDC = pyruvate decarboxylase ALDH — alcohol dehydrogenase E-4-P = erythrosc-4-phosphate DAMP = dihydraxyaceConephos-phate APase = acid phosphatase.

Abbreviations. a-M, a-mannosidase AP, acid phosphatase as-ni-ATPase, anion-stimulated, nitrate-inhibitable ATPase CCR, NAD(P)H-dependent cytochrome oreduc-tase cs-vi-ATPase, cation-stimulated, vanadate-inhibitable ATPase, CAT, catalase GS 1/11, glucan synthase 1 or 11 IDPase, inosine diphosphatase cs-PPase, cation-stimulated pyrophosphatase RNA polymerase, DNA-dependent RNA polymerase TP-25, 25 kDa tonoplast integral protein. 

Fig. 1. Phospholipid biosynthetic pathways in animal cells. The abbreviations are DHAP, dihydroxyacetone phosphate G-3-P, glycerol-3-phosphate PA, phosphatidic acid DG, diacylglycerol CDP-DG, cytidine diphosphodiacylglycerol PI, phosphatidylinositol PG, phosphatidylglycerol PG-P, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate DPG, diphosphatidylglycerol PP, phosphatidic acid phosphatase PE, phosphatidylethanolamine PC phosphatidylcholine PEMT, phosphatidylethanolamine A-methyltransferase CT, CTP phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase PS, phosphatidylserine CK/EK, choline/ethanolamine kinase CPT, CDP-choline 1,...

Fig. 2. Biosynthesis of phosphatidic acid (PA) occurs on both the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the outer membrane of mitochondria. The abbreviations are ACS, acyl-CoA synthetase, GPAT, glycerol-3-P acyltrans-ferase AGPAT, l-acylglycerol-3-P acyltransferase PP, phosphatidic acid phosphatase (lipin) PC, phosphatidylcholine PE, phosphatidylethanolamine TG, triacylglycerol.

Fig. 1. Targeted lipidomics of anandamide metabolism. Postulated pathways of anandamide metabolism. Abbreviations PC, phosphatidylcholine PE, phosphatidylethanolamine NAT, JV-acyl transferase LPA, lysophosphatidic acid PA, phosphatidic acid NAPE, jV-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine Lyso-NAPE, l-lyso,2-acyl-OT-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-JV-acyl ABHD-4, a//3 hydrolase-4 GP-anandamide, glycerophospho-anandamide PAEA, phospho-anandamide PLA, phospholipase A NAPE-PLD, NAPE phospholipase D PLC, phospholipase C FAAH, fatty acid amide hydrolase P, phosphatase COX, cyclooxygenase LOX, lipoxygenase CYP450, cytochrome P450 PDE, phosphodiesterase.

Fig. 2. Targeted lipidomics of 2-AG metabolism. Postulated pathways for 2-AG metabolism. Abbreviations PLC, phospholipase C DAG, diacylglycerol DGL, diacylglycerol lipase MGL, monoacylglycerol lipase PLA, phospholipase A AT, acyltransferase TAGL, triacylglycerol lipase PIP2, phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate ABHD-6/12 hydrolase lyso-PL, lysophospholipid lyso-PA, lysophosphatidic acid PA, phosphatidic add P, phosphatase COX, cydooxygen-ase LOX, lipoxygenase CYP450, cytochrome P450 CDP, cytidine diphosphate.

The most important of the peptidic phosphatase inhibitors are the microcystins and nodularin. Mycrocystins are heptapeptides characterised by the sequence cyclo(D-Ala-X-D-e/7t/i/ o-P-methylisoAsp-Y-Adda-D-isoGlu-iV-methyldehydroAla), where X and Y are different L-aminoacids, and Adda is the abbreviation of the P-aminoacid [25,35,85,95]-3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca-4(E),6(E)-dienoic acid. In the most common microcystin, namely microcystin-LR, X is Leu and Y is Arg. This kind of compounds was considered to be the highly hepatotoxic principle of the cyanobacteria genera Microcystis, Artabaena and Oscillatoria. Apart Jfrom the variations represented by X and Y, other differences arising jfrom the demethylation of aminoacids, lead to the existence to more than fifty microcystins. The rare acid Adda is also... 

Abbreviations used are SBA, fasting serum bile acids ALT, alanine aminotransferase AST, aspartate aminotransferase AP, alkaline phosphatase GGT, 7-glutamyl transferase BILI, bilirubin. 

Abbreviations are LY, hen egg-white lysozyme CON A, demetallized concanavalin A TP, demetallized porcine trypsin tRNA, nonspecific yeast transfer ribonucleic acid CA, human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase B Hb, human adult carbonmonoxyhemo-globin AP, E. coli alkaline phosphatase TF, demetallized human transferrin IG, human nonspecific -/-immunoglobulin AD, alcohol dehydrogenase from yeast CP, human ceruloplasmin HC1 / 20, l/IO(L), 1/10(0, 1/2, 1/1, various states of association of Helix pomatia hemocyanin. Dashed line m>calculated using Equation 3 with no adjustable parameteis, using the viscosity of pure water to compute v . The proteins were assumed spherical, and a 3J-A hydration layer was included in computing the hydrodynamic radii. After Ref. 7. 

Messner, D.J. et ah. Abbreviated cell cycle progression induced by the serine/threonine protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid at concentrations that promote neoplastic transofrmation. 

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ACP, acyl carrier protein 5ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid AU, 6-azauracyl CAP, chloramphenicol CHI, cycloheximide DCIP, 2,6-dichlorophenolindo-phenol DCMU, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea DG, digalactosyl-diglyceride DPC, diphenylcarbazide ETS, electron-transport system FDPase, alkaline fructose 1,6-diphosphate phosphatase G-3-P, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate MG, monogalactosyldiglycer-ide PSI, PSII, photosystems I and II P700, active center of photosystem I PMS, phenazine methosulfate Q, photosystem II quencher Ru-l,5-diP, ribulose-1,5-diphosphate SDS, sodium dodecylsulfate SL, sulfolipid. 

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