Achieve range

The application of metallocene catalysis to the preparation of polypropylenes reached a commercial stage with the production by Exxon of their Achieve range in 1996 and in 1997 by Targor, the BASF-Hoechst joint venture with the introduction of Metocene. Such metallocene polypropylenes are, however, only a small proportion of the total polypropylene market, predicted at only about 3% of the total in 2005. 

Johnson and Van Emon [57] have described a quantitative enzyme based immunoassay procedure for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in soils and sediments and compared the results with those obtained by a gas chromatographic method. The soil is extracted with methanol, or Soxhlet extracted or extracted with a supercritical fluid. In the case of the latter two extractants good agreement was obtained between immunoassay and gas chromatographic methods. Spiking recoveries from soil achieved ranged from 104% (Aroclor 1248) to 107% (Aroclor 1242). Detection limits were 9pg kg-1 (Aroclor 1245) and 10.5pg kg-1 (Aroclor 1242). Chlorinated anisoles, benzenes or phenols did not interfere. 

Of the analytical procedures used for the determination of LAS in soils (Table 6.7.1), most methods rely on (Soxhlet) extraction with methanol, followed by clean-up on SPE cartridges (RP-C18 and/or SAX) and final quantitative measurements by HPLC—UV/FL. Applying this protocol, detection limits were achieved ranging between 0.05 and 5 mg kg-1 depending on the matrix, the enrichment factor and the optical detection system employed. 

W/kg. Road tests with small passenger vehicles have achieved ranges of 100-230 km on a single charge. 

Category Achievement Range of achievements Percent Time to reach this performance level... 

Urinary excretion of modified nncleosides, originating from tiansfer-RNA, may be nsed as a biomarker for tnmonrs and AIDS. Dudley et al. [54-57] reported method development for the analysis of urinary nucleosides by LC-MS. Initially, LC-MS conditions were optimized [54]. In positive-ion ESI-MS, detection limits were achieved ranging from 7 pmol for tubercidin to 110 pmol for uridine. Next, a comparison was made between GC-MS, LC-MS on an ion-trap instrament, and capillary LC-MS on a triple-quadmpole instmment [55]. These methods proved complementary rather than that just one could be selected as optimal. Therefore, in the next study [56], all three techniques were applied to identily the unexpected 5 -deoxycytidine in the urine of a patient suffering with head and neck cancer. In another study [57], they demonstrated the detection of dA, 1-methyl-dA, xanthosine, 7V-l-methyl-dG, 7V-2-methyl-dG, 7V-2,7V-2-dimethyl-dG, A-2,7V-2,A-7-trimethyl-dG, inosine, and 1-methylinosine in urine samples from various cancer patients. 

Candidate sorbents should meet several requirements to be considered for commercial gas desulfurization. The most important feature is that it should be theoretically capable of decreasing gas-phase sulfur concentrations to the low levels required by downstream processes under the relevant conditions. In addition, the absorbent must have acceptable sulfur capacity (in terms of both theoretical value and achievable range), preferably be regenerable, and maintain activity and capacity through a large number of sulfidation/regeneration cycles. The sorbent should also be nonpyrophoric for fuel cell applications.3,170 Finally, the cost of the sorbent must be reasonable. 

During the collection of the material, three samples were taken at the beginning, middle and end of the procedure for moisture determination by Karl Fischer titration. Furthermore, samples were taken from each bag before sealing and analysed for their microbe content and insolubility index at 24°C. The results indicated that no microbial contamination occurred during the preparation of the material and that the moisture content achieved (ranging from 2.4 to 3.3% mass fraction) was suitable to avoid microbiological growth [30,31]. 

The system is unique among secondary batteries in that it uses extremely cheap and abundant reactants. The achievable range of a Na-S-powered passenger car may exceed 150 miles. It is possible, however, that the bulkiness of the battery may limit its applications to larger vehicles. 

Phytoremediation methods can be applied to a achieve range of remediation functions for both metal contaminants and organic contaminants 20,21... 

It gets converted to almost 79% into its structural analogue theophylline. It has been found that the absorption from the GI tract after due oral as well as rectal administration is invariably incomplete, sluggish and variable. The optimal serum therapeutic levels achievable range from 10 to 20 meg. mL ... 

Metallocenes offer a unique opportunity, unmatched by traditional catalysts as well as by other classes of SSCs, to control the placement of propylene. Sequences achievable range from atactic to isotactic. Syndiotactic sequences are not observed in metallocene-based EP copolymers, because the syndioselective metallocenes are characterized by low values of rir2 and thus do not allow the formation of propylene sequences long enough to discriminate between atactic and syndiotactic placement. Only a minor amount of regioirregular propylene placements are detectable in EP copolymers prepared with isoselective metallocenes. It should be noted that presently available aselective metallocenes are not able to prepare EP copolymers with sequences that are simultaneously stereo-and regioirregular. 

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