Acetone 2-Propanone

Presently there are two processes that make acetone in large quantities. The feedstock for these is either isopropyl alcohol or cumene. In the last few years there has been a steady trend away from isopropyl alcohol and toward cumene, but isopropyl alcohol should continue as a precursor since manufacture of acetone from only cumene would require a balancing of the market with the co-product phenol from this process. 

This is not always easy to do, so an alternate acetone source is required. In fact, isopropyl alcohol may become attractive again since cumene can be used to increase octane ratings in unleaded gasoline, and phenol, as a plywood adhesive, has its ups and downs with the housing industry. The percentage distribution of the two methods is given in Table 10.4. 

In the minor route isopropyl alcohol, obtained from the hydrolysis of propylene, is converted into acetone by either dehydrogenation (preferred) or air oxidation. These are catalytic processes at 500°C and 40-50 psi. The acetone is purified by distillation, bp 56°C. The conversion per pass is 70-85% and the yield is over 90%. 

Year From Isopropyl Alcohol From Cumene 

Side products are acetophenone, 2-phenylpropan-2-ol, and a-methylstyrene. Acetone is distilled first at bp 56°C. Vacuum distillation 

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Some trivial names are retained acetone (2-propanone), biacetyl (2,3-butanedione), propiophen-one (CgHj—CO—CH2CH3), chalcone (C(,H5—CH=CH—CO—CgH5), and deoxybenzoin (C<,H5—CH3—CO—C H ). 

Acetone (2-propanone), is produced from isopropanol by a dehydrogenation, oxidation, or a combined oxidation dehydrogenation route. 

Propaneamine, see Isopropylamine Propanol, see 1-Propanol Propanol, see 1-Propanol Propanolide, see p-Propiolactone Propanone, see Acetone 2-Propanone, see Acetone Propan-2-one, see Acetone... 

This is mainly due to the fact that the sole primary oxidation product acetone (2-propanone) has a much lower rate constant for OH radical attack than 2-... 

Fig. 7.5 On the way to complete mineralization of acetone (2-propanone) structures of the main and minor intermediate products during H2O2-UV treatment of a diluted aque-...

Fig. 7.6 Decay of acetone and hydrogen peroxide and the time profiles of main intermediates during the H2O2-UV AOP of a diluted aqueous solution of acetone (2-propanone). AA Acetic acid, PA pyruvic acid, PAL pyru-valdehyde, OA oxalic acid. Reactor specification Rayox photoreactor with a Solarchem...

Fig. 7.8 Experimental (solid line) and calculated (dotted line) TOC profiles during the H2O2-UV treatment of a diluted aqueous solution of acetone (2-propanone) ff lcalculated ff acetone] + [fOQntermediates]) at irradiation time t redrawn from Stefan and Bolton (1999) Figure 3.

The computed (HF/6-31G ) rotational profiles for acetone (2-propanone), 2-butanone, and 3-methyl-2-butanone are given in Figure 2.6P. Draw Newman projections corresponding to each clear maximum and minimum in the curves for each compound. Analyze the factors that stabilize/destabilize each conformation and discuss the differences among them. 

Also included in Table XXIII-5 are several components that do not appear in any of the Hoffmann co-authored lists but recently have been included with analyses of Hoffmann-listed components, for example, 1-naphthalenamine (1-amino-naphthalene a-naphthylamine), 3-aminobiphenyl ([l,T-bip-henyl]-3-amine), propionaldehyde (propanal), butyraldehyde (butanal), and acetone (2-propanone). Table XXIII-5 includes several tobacco smoke components that the lARC has reclassified with regard to their tumorigenicity, for example, chrysene and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Thus, chrysene no longer appears on the more recent Hoffmann lists (1740, 1741, 1743, 1744) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was omitted from (1743,1744). 

When a hydrocarbon is reacted with H2O and the major product of this reaction is then oxidized, acetone (2-propanone) is produced. What is the structure of the hydrocarbon in this reaction ... 

Formic acid = methanoic acid HCO H. Acetone = 2-propanone. 

Some 95% of the U.S. market for acetone (2-propanone) is now supplied by the cumene-phenol process (section 12.11.2), with the remainder produced mainly by dehydrogenation of isopropanol (over a copper or zinc oxide catalyst). In Europe, co-product acetone from HP s naphtha oxidation supplements that from cumene-phenol and isopropanol. 

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