Acenaphthylene with acrylonitrile

Excited states and energy migration by way of excitons have been studied in random copolymers of acenaphthylene (ACN) with acrylonitrile (AN), methacrylonitrile (MAN) and 2-vinyl napthalene (2VN). Also ACN was copolymerized with vinyl acetate and hydrolyzed to give free hydroxyl groups. 

The compound (27) also reacts with alkenic dipolarophiles, such as acenaphthylene and acrylonitrile, to give the corresponding cycloadducts, with subsequent CO2 extrusion to give compounds (28)-(30) (Scheme 3). 

The susceptibility order of monomers to mechanosynthesis (acrylic acid > acrylonitrile > methacrylamide > acenaphthylene > maleic anhydride) is consistent with related chemistry. Maleic anhydride, which has the lowest susceptibility and is not homopolymerizable, probably combines as a single monomer unit... 

The products of polyethylene modification are mixed Mock and graft copolymers of three dimensional structures (with acrylic acid, methacrylamide and acrylonitrile) or linear structures (acenaphthylene and maleic anhydride). This is again consistent with the nature of the monomers and the activity of their radicals. 

The photocycloaddition of acrylonitrile to acenaphthylene is found to be competitive with photodimerization in the non-ionic detergent Nippol PBC-34, while... 

Acenaphthylene forms [2 + 2]-cycloaddition products with electron-deficient alkenes such as acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate (Nakamura et al., 1978). Cycloaddition is favoured by carrying out the reaction in a micellar solution owing to the inefficiency of the dimerisation in such an organised system. 

A detailed study on the possibility of modifying polyethylene by mechanical methods was performed by Protasov and Baramboim [32, 49]. In their investigation they used a low-density polyethylene of 35,400 and several solid monomers (methacrylamide, maleic anhydride, acenaphthylene, acrylic acid, and acrylonitrile). The mechanical dispersion was performed in a four-position eccentric vibromill with cavities and balls, diameter 6-8 mm, made of the same stainless steel. The vibration frequency was 50 Hz with an amplitude of 2-4 mm. The reaction was carried out in air at temperatures from -30 to -65" C. The formation of copolymeric products, after separation by extraction, was confirmed by many techniques (qualitative reaction... 

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