Absorption isotherm

Now, in gas/liquid chromatography, very small concentrations of solute are employed and linear absorption isotherms are to be expected. However, in LC the detectors have much lower sensitivities and as a result, significantly larger charges... 

Fig. 1. Absorption isotherms of hydrogen in palladium within a large range of temperatures and pressures of hydrogen gas. Numbers denote temperature in °C. Hydrogen pressure is given in the logarithmic scale. Broken line closes the area of the two-phase o + region of the Pd-H system. Different shapes of experimental points denote different authors data, cited by Scholten and Konvalinka (9). After Scholten and Konva-linka (9).

Figure 12.4 Equilibrium absorption isotherms at 34 °C and rate of dyeing curves at 40 °C for Cl Direct Blue 1 on viscose in the presence of electrolytes singly and in binary mixtures [70]...

It should be clear that the RM measured in this way, e. g. 0,1 %, must not be identical with residual moisture contents measured with other methods (see Section 1.3.1) because there will be always some water which cannot be desorbed at the end temperature of the drying. This content of bound water for one product and one temperature is a stable value which can be taken from the measurements of absorption isotherms. 

Hagemann et al. [3.13] calculated the absorption isotherms for recombinant bovine Somatotropin (rbSt) and found 5-8 g water in 100 g protein, which was not only on the surface but also inside the protein molecule. 

Fig. 4.1. Absorption isotherms water content in % of solids as a function of the relative humidity in air at 22 °C.

In Figure 29b three typical absorption isotherms are given near the saturation levels of the alkanes in the DPPC membrane. The results presented in this graph... 

Absorption Isotherm for non- wetting absorbate -absorbent systems. 

The Effect of Different Absorption Isotherms on Peak Shape... 

Figure 1. Predicted movement of elution peaks calculated by the use of Equation 5 for the dispersion and a linear absorption isotherm solution...

Absorption isotherms were measured in the dilute range of the a phase from n = 0 to n = 0.012 and from 418° to 586°K. From four isotherms in the range... 

Figure 3. Hydrogen absorption isotherms exhibited by TiMo over the temperature range 589.7°-392.3°C. Data are presented as P1/2 (mm Hg)1/2 vs. hydrogen-to-metal atom ratio.

P-C-T Determinations Low Pressure Studies. Absorption isotherms obtained for the reaction of hydrogen with TiMo are shown in Figure 3 for 590°-392°C. These temperatures are above the decomposition temperature of /J-TiMo (see Figure 2) consequently, decomposition of the solid solution plays no role here. These data follow Sieverts Law only in the very dilute region—to hydrogen-to-metal ratios (H/M) of about 0.02. Thereafter, deviations in the direction of decreased solubility are observed. Data in the region of Sieverts Law can be used to determine the relative partial molar enthalpy and entropy at infinite dilution (47). From Sieverts Law (Equation 1), where Ks is a tempi/2 = Ksn (1)... 

Deuterium absorption isotherms were determined similarly for TiMo. The temperature range examined was the same as that for hydrogen absorption, but the range of deuterium contents was significantly smaller, extending only to D/M zz 0.01. The data are presented in Figure 6. It is evident that Sieverts Law is... 

The absorption isotherms of acetone in nitrocellulose containing 11.6 and 13.5% N respectively at 40°C have been studied by Desmaroux [41]. Acetone was dissolved in castor oil. In a separate series of experiments, Desmaroux has established the vapour pressure of acetone dissolved in castor oil, hence the activity of acetone vapour, defined as the ratio of acetone vapour pressure of the respective solution to the vapour pressure of pure acetone. Curves illustrating the relationship between the number of acetone equivalents absorbed by one anhydroglucose unit (Q) equivalent of nitrocellulose, and the activity of the acetone vapours are shown in Fig. 90. 

Absorption isotherms of such important gelatinizers as carbamite (centralites) and camphor in petroleum ether (Fig. 93) were published by Desmaroux [46],... 

Fig. 93. Absorption isotherms of carbamite (ethyl centralite) (from hexane) by nitrocelluloses, according to Desmaroux [46].

Desmaroux has also determined the nitroglycerine absorption isotherms from its chloroform and acetone solutions at 20°C by a nitrocellulose with a nitrogen content of 11.2-13.35 and 14.2% N (Figs. 94a and 94b respectively) as well as those of nitro-glycol in an ethyl ether solution at 20°C sorbed by nitrocellulose of 12.2% N as shown in Figs. 95a and 95b. 

Fig. 94. Absorption isotherms of nitroglycerine (from chloroform solution) by nitrocelluloses,...

Fig. 95. Absorption isotherms of ethylene glycol dinitrate (from solution) by nitrocellulose of 12.2% N (Desmaroux [46]) as a function of concentration (a) and activity (b). Absorption of nitroglycerine (NG) is also given (b).

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