A WORD ABOUT.. Petroleum, Gasoline, and Octane Number

The two most important natural sources of alkanes are petroleum and natural gas. Petroleum is a complex liquid mixture of organic compounds, many of which are alkanes or cycloalkanes. For more details about how petroleum is refined to obtain gasoline, fuel oil, and other useful substances, read A Word about Petroleum, Gasoline, and Octane Number on pages 102-103. 

Addition Reactions of Alkynes A WORD ABOUT... Petroleum, Gasoline, and Octane Number... 

How is all this ethylene produced, and what is it used for Most hydrocarbons can be cracked to give ethylene. (See A Word About. . . Petroleum, Gasoline, and Octane Number on pages 1 02-1 03.) In the United States, the major raw material for this purpose is ethane. 

As discussed in A Word About... Petroleum, Gasoline, and Octane Number on p. 103, isomerization is often used to convert one alkane to a more substituted alkane. Suggest the highly branched product obtained from the isomerization of pentane using a mixture of AICI3 and HCl over an alumina catalyst. Provide the correct lUPAC name for the product. 

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