Inhibitors a-amylase

Several plant defensins have also been found to be inhibitors of various enzymes in plant pests. The plant defensins Slctl, SIo 2, and SIa3 were the first plant defensins where inhibition of a-amylase was shown at low concentration whereas purothionins inhibited a-amylase activity only at high concentrations. Blal and BIa2 isolated from barley are two more representatives of proteinaceous a-amylase inhibitors in the plant defensin family. ... 

There are also some peptides exhibiting a-amylase inhibitory potency. The plant defensins Slal, SIa2, and SIa3 from Sorghum bicolor and Blal and BIa2 from barley have been mentioned before. The knottin-type a-amylase inhibitor peptide AAI from Amaranthus hypochondtiacus is the smallest peptide ct-amylase inhibitor known to date. ... 

Structural aspects of proteinaceous a-amylase inhibitor peptides... 

Chemical Class a-Amylase inhibitor a-glucosidase inhibitor Clinical Pharmacology ... 

Plausible mimics to the a-amylase inhibitor, tendamistat, found... 

The antagonism of GA action by ABA can be seen in studies of steady-state mRNA accumulation in aleurone cells, a major site of a-amylase synthesis in germinating cereal seeds (Fig. 3). GA treatment promotes the accumulation of high levels of a-amylase, shown by immunoprecipi-tation, while ABA, alone or with GA, completely represses this accumulation. In contrast, ABA clearly promotes the accumulation of a-amylase inhibitor mRNA, as determined by specific immunoprecipi-tation, while GA alone slightly reduces the level of a-amylase inhibitor mRNA. However, GA, together with ABA, does not decrease the level... 

Rocher et al. (1992) reported the presence of an 11-kDa protein from oat endosperm that displayed a great resemblance in sequence to that of the ragi bifunctional a-amylase inhibitor. 

Chandrasekher, G., Raju, D. S., and Pattabiraman, T. N. (1981). Natural plant enzyme inhibitors, a-amylase inhibitors in millets. ]. Sci. Food Agriculture. 32, 9-16. 

Rocher, A., Colilla, F., Ortiz, M. L., and Mendez, E. (1992). Identification of the three major coeliac immunoreactive proteins and one a-amylase inhibitor from oat endosperm. FEES Lett. 310, 37-40. 

Shivraj, B., Rao, H. N., and Pattiraman, T. N. (1982). Natural plant inhibitors. Isolation of a trypsin/a-amylase inhibitor and a chymotrypsin inhibitor from ragi (Eleusine coracana) grains by affinity chromatography and study of their properties. J. Sci. Food Agric. 33,1080-1091. 

Prescott, Vanessa E., Peter M. Campbell, Andrew Moore, Joerg Mattes, Marc E. Rothenberg, Paul S. Foster, T. J. V. Higgins, and Simon P. Hogan. 2005. Transgenic expression of bean a-amylase inhibitor in peas results in altered structure and immunogenicity. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53(23) 9023—9030. 

Kasahara, K., Hayashi, K., Arakawa, T., Philo, J. S., Wen, J., Hara, S., and Yamaguchi, H. 1996. Complete sequence, subunit structure, and complexes with pancreatic a-amylase of an a-amylase inhibitor from Phaseolus vulgaris white kidney bean. J. Biochem 120, 177-183... 

Eleusine coracana (ragi, Indian finger millet) (Poaceae) [seed] RBI (Ragi bifunctional I) = RATI (Ragi a-Amylase and Trypsin Inhibitor) (122 aa 13 kDa lOCys) Trypsin (R34-L35) [1 nM], (a-Amylase inhibitor, K 11 nM) [290- 297]... 

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