Zwitterionic surfactants chemistry

Rai R, Pandey S, Baker SN, Vora S, Behera K, Baker GA, Pandey S (2012) Ethanol-Assisted, Few Nanometer, Water-ln-lomc-Liquid Reverse Micelle Formation by a Zwitterionic Surfactant. Chemistry-a European Journal 18 (39) 12213-12217. doi 10.1002/chem.201200682... 

Amphoteric polysaccharides are challenging to formulate they can be soluble when cationic or anionic, but insoluble in their zwitterionic form. These polyglycans can also have complex chemistries in the presence of salts and surfactants. Salts can modify the pH at which amphoteric polymers become zwitterionic. Surfactant behavior is more complex. When the amphoteric polymer is cationic, it is incompatible with anionic surfactants... 

Liquid phase extraction of the analyte by cloud point extraction (CPE) is a versatile technique in separation chemistry for the purpose of extraction, purification and preconcentration of numerous organic compounds in different samples (Saitoh and Hinze 1991 Shi et al. 2004). The cloud point refers to a certain temperature above which an aqueous homogeneous solution of nonionic and zwitterionic surfactant becomes turbid and separates into two phases (i) a surfactant-rich phase which contains most of the surfactant and (ii) a diluted aqueous phase which contains water and surfactant at a concentration close to the critical micelle concentration (Quina and Hinze 1999 Stalikas 2002). 

O. and Gedanken, A. (2000) Elongated copper nanoparticles coated with a zwitterionic surfactant. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 104, 893-7. 

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