Zeolite catalysts binding systems

Pentasil type zeolite catalysts are synthesized and modified similar to the procedures in (ref. 2), but some of them were admixed with suitable binding material. Acidity was characterized by NH -TPD and IR spectra and surface property by ESCA as in (refs.2-3). Catalytic reaction was carried out in continuous flowtype systems with 2-30 g and more of catalyst and regeneration by oxidation at about 530°C. 

Today s modem FCC catalyst is composed primarily of zeolite, active alumina, clay or filler, binder plus additional components for specific functions (Figures (25-27). One of the most significant differences found between various commercially available catalyst systems is related to the binding systems. These binding systems include silica sol, alumina sol, alumina gel and insitu technologies. Insitu technologies are based upon the growth of zeolite crystal... 

Montmorillonite is a laminar and expandable clay with wet binding properties and widely available throughout the world. The layers have permanent negative charges due to isomorphic substitutions. The scientific interest of montmorillonite lies in its physical and chemical properties as well as its low price. Consequently, the industrial application of montmorillonite is an attractive process [1]. On the other hand, among numerous reports published so far, crystallization of zeolite Beta draws much attention because of its unique characteristics, in particular, acidity and acid catalysis. It is reasonable to conceive that a catalyst system based on Beta/montmorillonite composite with suitable composition should provide a good catalytic capacity. 

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