Yttrium energy bands

Yttrium aluminum borate, YAlj (603)4 (abbreviated to YAB), is a nonlinear crystal that is very attractive for laser applications when doped with rare earth ions (Jaque et al, 2003). Figure 7.9 shows the low-temperature emission spectrum of Sm + ions in this crystal. The use of the Dieke diagram (see Figure 6.1) allows to assign this spectrum to the " Gs/2 Hg/2 transitions. The polarization character of these emission bands, which can be clearly appreciated in Figure 7.9, is related to the D3 local symmetry of the Y + lattice ions, in which the Sm + ions are incorporated. The purpose of this example is to use group theory in order to determine the Stark energy-level structure responsible for this spectrum. 

A cross-pumped chromium-neodymiunirlaser system utilizing yttrium aluminum garnet as a host was described by Ziss and Duncan (120). Again, in this crystal, as in LaA103, energy transfers from the 3d bands of chromium to the 4/levels of neodymium. 

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