X-ray scattering curves

Figure 10.7. Small-angle X-ray scattering curves of microphase-separated samples and drawings of the corresponding structure morphologies.

Figure 1.66 Resolution of the X-ray scattering curve of a semicrystalline polyethylene sample into contributions from crystalline (110 and 200 planes) and amorphous components. From F. W. Bilhneyer, Textbook of Polymer Science, 3rd ed. Copyright 1984 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. This material is used by permission of John Wiley Sons, Inc.

Fig. 15 Small-angle X-ray scattering curves of poly(L-arginine) retinoate (a), poly(L-his-tidine) retinoate (b) and poly(L-lysine) retinoate (c). The dashed lines are fits using a Lorentzian peak profile. Repeat units are 3.62 nm, 3.27 nm, and 3.10 nm. Reprinted with permission from [142]. Copyright 2000 American Chemical Society...

FIGURE 3.5 (a) Small angle x-ray scattering curves for various CDCs showing the variation in scattering... 

Since the specific surfaces from the x-ray scattering curves thus are due to the relatively large pores, it is not surprising that the adsorption techniques, which are capable of detecting surface areas of much smaller structures, often give specific surfaces considerably larger than those calculated from the scattering curves. 

Figure 7 X-ray scattering curves from human SC hydrated to different extents, (a) Scattering curves hydrated to levels from 6% (w/w) to 60% (w/w). The shoulder on the...

Estimate pressure—volume—temperature (PVT) relations, cohesive energy densities, pair correlation functions, X-ray scattering curves, elastic constants, and other properties. 

Fig. 1. Small angle x-ray scattering curves for Vyoor and controlled pore glasses (from lop to bottom) Vycor, CPG-120, CPG-170, and CPG-350. For clarity reasons, intensity is in arbitrary units. A Q" curve has been drawn as a guide to the eye.

Figure 2. Small-angle X-ray-scattering curves from silica polymers grown in alkaline solution with various ratios (R) of water to TEOS. The data are slit smeared and are plotted as log 1(h) versus log h, with the curves displaced vertically for clarity. The observed slopes are algebraically one greater than would be observed with pinhole geometry. The curve for R = 1 is consistent with a mass fractal structure with D/ = 2.84. The curves for R = 2-4 arise from colloids (Df = 3) with fractally rough surfaces with D, = 2.71, 2.51, and 2.45, respectively. (Reproduced with permission from reference 10. Copyright 1984 Elsevier.)...

Figure 5. Effect of equivalent weight on the wide angle X-ray scattering curves of the short-side-chain precursor.

Figure 7. Variable temperature wide angle X-ray scattering curves for (A) 1200 EW short-side-chain precursor, (B) 1000 EW short-side-chain precursor, and (C) 1140 EW long-side-chain precursor.

In terms of structure of the membranes the first point to be discussed concerns the possibility of having crystalline domains and the role of these domains. X ray and differential scanning calorimetry measurements are the best ways to probe the existence and the structure of crystalline domains. Figure 1 represents different X ray scattering curves obtained for ... 

The x-ray approach has few peers as regards nondestructive definition of structure at the secondary level. Although microscopy is more direct, the preparative problems and necessary subjectiveness in the interpretation of photo- and electron micrographs make absolutely necessary the joint use of the two techniques. The work of Preston and his school on the structural polysaccharides of plants is a good example of how the two techniques should be combined. A rough textural model of the molecular architecture of a cell wall of a plant is capable of quantitative and detailed definition by means of the complete, wide and small angle, x-ray scattering curve. This application is, perhaps, one of the potentially more fruitful, areas of future study it is part of the major, solid-state... 

Figure 8. Small-angle X-ray scattering curve of the quenched Na salt with different...

Fig. 30 a. Small-angle X-ray scattering curves of a uniaxially cold drawn PET film (Td = 40 C, Tc = 240 °C, An0 = 0.19) obtained for cp = 90° and various fixed angles a (b) SAXS pole figure of the same sample (MD = draw direction)... 

X-ray scattering curves (see Fig. 9) are extracted by simple subtraction of the sample and buffer curves, and in the cases of linear or area detectors are normalized for detector responses by ... 

Fig. 14. Complete X-ray scattering curve of aspartate transcarbamylase based on experiments in the two Q ranges of 0.06 — 1.6 nm with dilute solutions (4-12 mg/ml) and 0.3-3.8 nm with concentrated solutions (110 — 120 mg/ml) [104]. U= unligated enzyme L = ligated enzyme (with PALA IV-phos-phonacetyl-L-aspartate) [104].

Fig. 26. Experimental X-ray scattering curve of transfer RNA (O) compared with the theoretical...

Fig. 31. Radial electron density distributions for the icosahedral bacteriophage fr by X-ray scattering. Curve 1 represents the intact phage in dilute buffer and shows the protein and RNA components. Curve 2 represents empty protein capsids of the phage and peaks near the outermost dimension of curve 1. Curve 3 represents the intact phage measured in 80% sucrose solution (w/v) (427 e-nm ) where the protein shell has been matched out to reveal the RNA core [77,508,513].

F%. 2A Small-angle X-ray scattering curves (meridian) of poly(teroxo-cane) prqjared at several dilferent temperatures. Polymerization lem-petatures are indicated in the figure. Intensities are not comparaUe because of difference in the samjde aze... 

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