With Halogen and Interhalogen Compounds

Reaction of Pb(CH3)4 with ICl in aqueous HCl solution gives dimethyllead compounds [23]. This reaction is employed for sampling Pb(CH3)4 from air and subsequent determination [23, 25, 37, 46], for analysis of Pb(CH3)4 in gasoline [29, 34, 41, 42, 43, 55], and for removal of Pb(CH3)4 from gasoline and other petroleum products [32]. 

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A very large number of complexes of pyridines and quinolines with all the halogens and interhalogen compounds are known, and as they have been enumerated elsewhere (74HQ14-S2)407,77HC(32-1)319) just a few examples are illustrated (Scheme 14). Treatment of pyridine with chlorine or bromine in the presence of aluminum chloride yields 4-pyridylpyridinium salts (equation 29), but rather curiously the action of iodine chloride on pyridinium hydrochloride at 250 °C produces the 2-isomer (51 equation 30). 

Addition compounds of pyridine and similar organic bases with halogens and interhalogens have been known for... 

Pyridines react easily with halogens and interhalogens to give crystalline compounds, largely undissociated when dissolved in solvents such as carbon tetrachloride. Structurally they are best formulated as resonance hybrids related to trihalide anions. 1-Fluoropyridinium triflate is also crystalline and serves as an electrophilic fluorinating agent. ... 

Fluorine also reacts with other halogens, forming interhalogen compounds. While with bromine and iodine it reacts vigorously at ordinary temperatures, with chlorine the reaction occurs at 200°C. Such interhalogen products with these halogens include iodine heptafluoride, bromine trifluoride, bromine pentafluoride, and chlorine trifluoride. Metalloid elements, such as arsenic, silicon, selenium, and boron also inflame in a stream of fluorine, forming fluorides. 

For halogens, and interhalogens such as IC1, charge-transfer compounds can in fact be isolated in the crystalline state, though low temperatures are often required. Thus dioxane with Br2 gives a compound with a chain structure (16-III) where the Br—Br distance (2.31 A) is only slightly longer than... 

Hydrogen is a reducing agent and reacts explosively with strong oxidizers such as halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) and interhalogen compounds. 

Sihcon and boron bum ia fluorine forming siUcon tetrafluoride [7783-61-17, SiF, and boron trifluoride [7637-07-2] respectively. Selenium and tellurium form hexafluorides, whereas phosphoms forms tri- or pentafluorides. Fluorine reacts with the other halogens to form eight interhalogen compounds (see Fluorine compounds, inorganic-halogens). 

Two approaches that have been investigated recently for disinfection are mixtures of bromine and chlorine, and mixtures containing bromide or iodide salts. Some evidence exists that mixtures of bromine and chlorine have superior germicidal properties than either halogen alone. It is believed that the increased bacterial activity of these mixtures can be attributed to the attacks by bromine on sites other than those affected by chlorine. The oxidation of bromide or iodide salts can be used to prepare interhalogen compounds or the hypollalous acid in accordance with the following reaction ... 

Interhalogen compounds are compounds of two different halogens that have, with few exceptions, the general formula XX . Examples include BrCI, C1F, and IF5. Use I ewis structures to explain why n is always an odd number. 

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