Wiring length/delay

D placement tools have to be able to optimize multiple cost objectives in addition to the traditional wire length and critical path delay. 

Linear Buffered-Path Delay Model. Recall the linear-delay model introduced in Chap. 3. The delay along an optimally buffered interconnect of length I is given by delay(/) = t I, where t is a technology dependent constant. In general, t depends on the buffer library size and the input slew rate. In this chapter, we refer to T = delay(wire)/length(w/re). 

Explosives may be detonated electrically or nonelectrically. A nonelectric firing system will consist of a blasting cap, a length of time (safety) fuse or a firing device attached to the cap, and a means of activating the system match, fuse lighter, delay mechanism, or trip wire. The electric system requires an electric cap which has two wires attached, perhaps additional wire, and a battery or batteries to provide the current which activates the cap. 

The use of CAc is to provide AC coupling into the chronograph if required. This example considered the value of the breakwire resistance to be low in comparison to R. Since the length of wire for the two breakwire circuits usually will be similar, the signal delays will be similar and the timing error will be less than that caused by either one alone Make System... 

Figure 16.4 shows the waveforms of artificial skins. When pressure is applied to some areas of the sensor matrix, the pressure rubber of those parts becomes conductive and sensor cells pull bit lines up to the supply potential. If the supply potential is 40 V, the delay from activation to bit-out is 23 ms, from which the total time needed to scan the whole 16 x 16 matrix takes approximately 1 s. The delay for read out depends on supply voltage If the voltage is 100 V, the delay is estimated to be a half. It is also shown by the simulation that the scan speed can be enhanced by one order of magnitude easily if the parasitic capacitance is suppressed by reducing the channel length and/or width of wiring of decoders and selectors. 

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