Wide-angle X-ray diffraction , analysis

Komalan, C., George, K. E., Varughese, K. T., Mathew, V. S., Thomas, S., Thermo-gravimetric and wide angle X-ray diffraction analysis of thermoplastic elastomers from nylon copolymer and EPDM rubber. 93(12), 2104-2112 (2008). 

Nevertheless, we have often faced the problem that the nanocomposite shows fine and homogeneous distribution of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix (e.g., poly (L-lactide)) without a clear peak shift of the mean interlayer spacing of the (001) plane, as revealed by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) analysis [14], Furthermore we... 

PP/silver nanocomposite fibres were prepared with the aim of achieving permanent antibacterial activity in a common synthetic textile. The fibres were melt-spun by coextmsion of PP and PP/silver masteibatches using general conjugate spinning. Masteibatches were made up of a mixture of PP chips and nano-sized silver powder. The antibacterial efficacy of spun fibres was high when the masteibatch was used as the sheath rather than the core. The antibacterial activity of nano-silver in fibres was evaluated after a certain contact time and calculated by percent reduction of two types of bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiela pneumoniae. DSC and wide-angle X-ray diffraction were used for analysis of stractuie, thermal properties and crystallisation behaviour of the spun fibres. SEM was carried out in order to observe particle distribution on the nanocomposite fibres. 17 refs. (2nd International Conference on Polymer Fibres, Manchester, UK, July 2002)... 

The results of wide angle X-ray diffraction confirmed that crystallinity did not change during annealing below Tg. Structural changes In the microsystem of the glassy structure could not be observed by wide or small angle X-ray diffraction analysis. 

Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) analysis of the fibers was carried out with a Philips X-ray generator, Model PW 1729, equipped with a flat film camera. 

The key question regarding the structure of a thermoset/clay nanocomposite system is whether a true nanocomposite has formed or not. If not, the material is comparable to a conventional filled microcomposite. Generally, wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are used to elucidate the structure of a nanocomposite. Due to its easiness and availability, WAXD is most commonly used to establish the nanocomposite structure [30, 31]. By monitoring the position, shape, and intensity of the basal reflections from the distributed silicate layers, the nanocomposite structure (intercalated or exfoliated) may be identified. The X-ray technique is often applied to identify nanocomposite structures through Bragg s relation, which is given below ... 

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