Why does an electric cattle prod cause pain

Why does an electric cattle prod cause pain  

An electric cattle prod looks a little like a walking stick with an attached battery. A potential from the tip of the stick is applied to a cow s flank, and the induced current hurts the animal. The cow moves where prompted to avoid a reapplication of the pain, thereby simplifying the job of cowherding. 

Ohm s law says that applying a potential V across an electrical resistor R induces a proportional current I. We can state this relationship mathematically as 

It is reported that the great Victorian scientist Michael Faraday discovered a variation of Ohm s law some 20 years before Ohm himself published the law that today bears his name. Faraday, with his typical phlegm and ingenuity, grasped a resistor between his two hands, immersed them both in a bowl of tepid water, and applied a voltage between them. It hurt. He found the empirical relationship pain oc / x R . 

In summary, the cattle prod causes pain because of the current formed in response to applying a voltage. 

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