Wedge spherical

Both the cone-shaped and the wedge-like pore give rise to simple, hysteresis-free behaviour. The meniscus is nucleated at the apex of the cone (Fig. 3.14(a)) or at the intersection of the two planes of the wedge (Fig. 3.14(b)), giving a spherical meniscus in the first case and a cylindrical one in the second. In both systems the process of evaporation is the exact reverse of that of condensation, and hysteresis is therefore absent. 

Spherical wedge bounded by two plane semicircles and a lune (Figure 1-23)... 

Size and shape Certain steric effects can be achieved using characteristically wedge-shaped dendrons. Thus, self-assembling dendrons have been connected to supramolecular aggregates with defined dimeric or hexameric structures. Such aggregates can form columnar superstructures which reveal liquid-crystalline properties. Spherical superstructures arise from the self-assembly process when conical dendrons are used14 14,161 Similar... 

Fig. 1. Schematic of experimental setup. %J2 - 800 nm wave-plate SP 2-mm sapphire plate PI, 2 45° quartz prisms P3 69° quartz prism, the distance from P3 to the NOPA crystal is 80 cm CM1, 2 ultrabroadband chirped mirrors GR 300 lines/mm ruled diffraction grating (Jobin Yvon) SM spherical mirror, R=-400 mm BS1, 2 chromium-coated d=0.5 mm quartz beam splitters. SHG crystal 0.4-mm 0=29° BBO (EKSMA) NOPA crystal 1-mm 0=31.5° BBO (Casix) SHG FROG crystal 0=29° BBO wedge plate d=5- -20 pm (EKSMA). Spherical mirrors around NOPA crystal are R=-200 mm Thick arrows on the left indicate the data flow from the pulse diagnostic setup (SHG FROG) and the feedback to the flexible mirror.

Figure 5.7 illustrates a spherical variation of the Jeffery-Hamel flow. Here the flow either originates or terminates in a point source or sink. As in the wedge flow (Section 5.2) the analysis here considers steady, incompressible, constant-property flow. 

Recall that there is a fundamental scaling difference between the cylindrical wedge flow and the spherical inclined-disk flow. In the wedge flow, the Reynolds number is independent of r, whereas in the spherical case, the Reynolds number scales as /r. Thus, in the spherical case, there is a different Reynolds number at every radial position in the channel. In practice, a quantitative determination of the velocity profile is more complex in the spherical case. The nondimensional velocity profile must be determined at each radial position where the actual velocity profile is desired. 

Figure 10. Schematics of the experimental setup for intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy (ICLAS). CD chopper driver PM power meter Mj, M2, M3, M4 spherical high reflection mirrors Mp = pump mirror MN monochromator PMT photomultiplier SP silicon photocell PC Pockels cell WF wedged filter LIA lock-in amplifier R recorder MS microscope OF optical fiber S sample (solution on BLM) IEM instruments for electrical measurements (see Figure 2).

Dendrimers usually exhibit spherical (isotropic) shape. However, wedge-like dendrimer fragments ( dendrons ) that have been attached to linear polymers as side groups can be used to create anisotropic nanocylinders , leading to uncoiling and extension of the polymer chains. Synthetic macromolecules of this type can be visualized directly on surfaces and their contour length determined from the images. Unexpected acceleration effects in the self-encapsulated polymerization of dendron monomers used to prepare such polymers as well as the structural consequences of dendritic pieces of cake on linear polymer chains are discussed. 

Supramolecular organization of dendrons can lead to columnar or spherical superstructures, depending on directional and attractive interactions between such wedge-shaped molecules as well as size and shape. For instance, hydrogen-bonding... 

Figure 30 Second generation dendron in (a) a wedge like conformation and (b) in a more spherical open shape...

As discussed by Israelachvili (1992), the shapes of surfactant aggregates can, to a first approximation, be anticipated based on the packing of simple molecular shapes (Tanford 1980). Figure 12-1 from Israelachvili illustrates this principle Conical molecules with bulky head groups attached to slender tails form spherical micelles cylindrical molecules with heads and tails of equal buUdness form bilayers and wedge-shaped molecules with tails bulkier than their heads form inverted micelles containing the heads in their interiors. A simple dimensionless molecular parameter that controls the shape of the aggregates is the molecular shape parameter here v is the volume occupied by the hydrocarbon... 

Fig. 2.13. Four schematic examples of eigenstrains (a) spherical inclusion, (b) eigenstrain due to thermal expansion, (c) dislocation loop and (d) eigenstrain due to wedge of martensite.

A wedge-shaped differential element of volume in spherical polar coordinates is shown in Fig. 10.8. 

The Cano-wedge method is an experimental technique to measure the pitch of cholesteric Uquid crystals. It consists of a flat substrate and a hemisphere with a cholesteric Uquid crystal sandwiched between them as shown in Figure 1.22(a). At the cento, the spherical surface touches the flat surface. On both the flat and spherical surfaces there is a homogeneous alignment layer. The intrinsic pitch of the Uquid crystal is Pg. Because of the boundary... 

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