Wastewater Treatment Processes and Technologies

El-Gohary, F.A., Nasr, F.A., and Aly, H.I., Cost effective pre-treatment of food processing industrial wastewater, Water Science and Technology, 40 (7), 17-24, 1999. 

Also the aim of the wastewater treatment process will change strongly. Preference will be given to treatment technologies which have not only the potential to purify water but which have also the potential to produce valuable products from pollutants (such as biogas) or to recover valuable components from the wastewater, such as nutrients (phosphate and ammonia), heavy metals or specific minerals. Also the specific process conditions, such as use of chemicals and energy, and the wastes which are produced in a wastewater treatment step are more and more considered from an environmental point of view. Finally it can be expected that the compactness of the treatment process, related tot the required residence time of the wastewater in the system, is becoming more and more important. The... 

APIs elimination rates in WWTPs depend on their chemical properties and on the technology used in the WWTPs [44,45]. The suitability of distinct wastewater treatment processes for the elimination of APIs has been studied and, to the best of our knowledge, only for a limited number of pharmaceutical compounds [43]. 

KamiyaT, Hirotsuji J (1998) New combined system of biological process and intermittent ozonation for advanced wastewater treatment, Water, Science Technology 38 145-153. 

MBR technology is probably the membrane process that has had most success and has the best prospects for the future in wastewater treatment. Trends and developments also indicate that this technology is becoming accepted and is rapidly becoming the best available technology (BAT) for many wastewater-treatment applications. The cost of an MBR plant for secondary treatment is still higher than that for a CAS plant, but as the numbers of MBR plants increase, and as membrane costs fall, the life cycle cost differential will soon disappear, and the process advantages should lead to rapid uptake of the MBR system by the... 

Cote, P., Buisson, H. and Praderie, M. (1998) Immersed membranes activated sludge process applied to the treatment of municipal wastewater. Water Science and Technology, 38 (4-5), 437-442. 

In general, calculations of industrial emissions rely on default values according to the industrial sector, emission rates, wind velocity and direction, anticipated substance flows through the environment, abatement technologies and wastewater treatment processes (see [114]). Site-specific assessments and local environmental exposure assessments must also account for geographic variability caused by climate, hydrology, geology, and biotic conditions [115]. 

Jones, O.A.H., Voulvouhs, N., and Lester, J.N. 2005. Human pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment processes. Critrical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 35 401-27. 

J-M Lee, CK Yoo, and I-B Lee. New monitoring technique with ica algorithm in wastewater treatment process. Water Science and Technology, 47 49-56, 2003. 

Industrial wastewaters are noted for a considerable time variability in both quality and quantity. Therefore, standardization of the quantity and the quality is the essential precondition of optimization of the whole treatment process, and this must include coping with emergency situations and must provide a constant treatment effect. Because of this, equalization basins with a sufficient time interval of dwell are situated at the beginning of the technological line. 

Fan, F. S., Zhou, H. D. (2007). Interrelated effects of aeration and mixed liquor fractions on membrane fouling for submerged membrane bioreactor processes in wastewater treatment. Environmental Science Technology, 41(7), 2523-2528. 

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