Walton, Ernest

C. MICHAEL WALTON, Ernest H. Cockrell Centennial Chair in Engineering, University of Texas, Austin EX OFFICIO MEMBERS... 

The Cockroft-Walton and Van de Graaff accelerators are linear that is, they accelerate particles in a straight line. A short time later Ernest Lawrence got the idea to build a circular accelerator, called a cyclotron, and with the help of M. Stanley Livingston he constructed it in 1932. This first cyclotron accelerated protons to about 4 MeV. Since then, many other cyclotrons have been built, and they have been used to accelerate particles to more than 50 times as much kinetic energy as the original one. Also, other kinds of circular accelerators, such as synchrotrons, have been constructed. 

British physicist, who Joined Rutherford at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge, where with Ernest Walton (1903-95) he built a linear accelerator (see Cockcroft-Walton generator), in 1932, using the apparatus to bombard lithium nuclei with protons, they produced the first artificial nuclear transformation. For this work they were awarded the 1951 Nobel Prize. 

Cockroft-Walton accelerator (John Douglas Cockcroft and Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton) The Gockcroft-Walton accelerator is used to fling charged particles at atomic nuclei in order to investigate their properties. 

Ernest Walton achieve the first nuclear reaction to result from the bombardment of an element by artificially... 

David J. Gross, H. David Politzer, Frank Wilczek 1951 John Cockcroft, Ernest T.S. Walton... 

American physicist Ernest O. Lawrence developed the atomic particles. Another important device developed during this era was the particle accelerator. Both devices enable scientists to study the motions of atomic particles—an important step in creating fission. Two British scientists, John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton, built the particle accelerator... 

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