W Nitrotoluene

If after the reaction the alcohol be distilled off without the use of a column it will contain an appreciable quantity of w-nitrotoluene, amounting to 5 or more per cent of the yield. The use of an oil or brine bath is recommended on accoimt of the presence of solid inorganic salts in the mixture. 

Nitroso-d-naphthol, II, 61-62 Nitroso- 3-phenylhydroxylamine, IV, 21 w-Nitrotoluene, III, 91-93 -Nitrotoluene, II, 53 iw-Nitro- -toluidine, III, 91 Nitrous anhydride, IV, 27... 

Fig. 14. Comparison of femtosecond and nanosecond fragmentation spectra of w-nitrotoluene at 375 nm, reproduced with permission from [130]. Only the 90-fs laser pulse shows parent and heavy mass peaks, while the 10-ns laser pulse results in much smaller photofragments.

Problem 23.15 Outline the synthesis from benzene or toluene of the following compounds w-nitrotoluene, m-iodotoluene, 3,5-dibromotoluene, 1,3,5-tribromo-benzene, the three toluic acids (CHJQH4COOH). the three methylphenols (cresols). 

Nitration of Toluene to Dinitrotoluene. The continuous nitration of toluene can be done under milder conditions than are necessary for benzene due to the activating effect of the methyl group. For example, the H20 content of the nitrating acid can be as high as 23%, compared to 10% for the nitration of benzene. The mixture of mononitrated products of toluene consists of the three isomers o-, p- and m-nitrotoluene, whose distribution is influenced only slightly by reaction conditions. A typical composition is 63% o-, 33—34% p-and 4% /w-nitrotoluene. The mixture can be separated by distillation or crystallization. 

A manostat (one pressure) is a device for maintaining any pressure desired from 760 to 2 torr with an accuracy of 1 to 2 torr. Suppose you had prepared /w-nitrotoluene and wanted to purify it. At 20 torr, the compound boils at 112.8 C. How can you maintain a pressure of 20 torr in your system during the entire distillation so that you can be sure that you collect only the pure material A manostat is a device that allows you to do this. The two most common types are the Cartesian diver and the Lewis-Nester. 

MNBK (591-78-6) see methyl butyl ketone. MNT (99-08-1) see w-nitrotoluene. MOHR S SALT (10045-89-3) see ferrous ammonium sulfate. 

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