Voltage step, electrical double

Step up transformers are used to increase the output voltage. The electricity generated in a power-station is stepped up for distribution on the National Grid network. Figure 2.58 shows a step up transformer where the primary winding has only half the number of turns as the secondary winding. The turns ratio is 1 2 and, therefore, the secondary voltage is doubled. 

The NaCl produced in the solution is collected and used again by re-cycling Except for the preparation of the electrolyte in the beginning, the supplement of sodium chloride is almost unnecessary only potassium chloride is required. The solution is electrolysed using graphite anodes and steel plate cathodes as in the case of (a) and adding a small amount of potassium bichromate. The pH value is adjusted to about 6.5 6.8, the bath voltage 3 1 3 5 and the temperature about O O C. When potassium chloride is added to the electrolyte, the potassium chlorate crystallizes out The crystals are recrystallized, dried, crushed to powder and sieved to requirements. This process has one more double decomposition step than (a), but needs less electric power than (a). 

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