Voice over IP

Top managers often think IT infrastructure is the machines and cables in the basement. They are wrong. IT infrastructure has become a complex system that drives IT performance and accounts for over half of the IT budget (Fig. 23.3). On top of that is the complexity of assimilating innovations such as voice-over-IP, thin clients, IT security standards, blade servers, or Linux at a near-breakneck pace. 

However, the Web is also a technology for communication. There are Web-based applications for online and offline communication between users, for teleconferencing, for telephoning (Voice over IP [VoIP]), for using collective whiteboards, and so on. 

This architecture is used in most current system services such as VoIP (Voice over IP), WWW, ETP and database (Lubkowski Easkowski 2013). 

In addition to a wired network infrastructure, there is increasing utility to be found in a wireless network infrastructure, providing the advantage of mobility. Applications include wireless patient networks, voice-over Internet Protocol (IP) for mobile communications, and communication with handheld information terminals carried by each physician. A wireless infrastructure requires careful planning, with attention being paid to access points, data rates, and electromagnetic compatibility with medical devices. Current standards such as IEEE 802.11b allowing data rates of 11 Mbps facilitate the seamless coexistence of wireless and wired networks. The use of lower-spread-spectrum techniques in wireless applications reduces problems associated wit medical device interference. 

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