Vitis riparia

By 1830, several other native grapes had achieved acceptance. The Scuppemong grape, Vitis rotundifolia, and the Norton, a Vitis aestivalis variety, were being grown in the southern states. In the northern states, the Clinton, a Vitis riparia variety, was gaining acceptance. 

Figure 3.15 LC-UV anthocyanin profile recorded at wavelength 520 nm of a hybrid grape crude extract (Clinton, Vitis labrusca x Vitis riparia). Analytical conditions column C18 (250 x 4.6mm, 5pm), binary solvent composed of A) H20/formic acid (90 10 v/v) and B methanol/H20/formic acid (50 40 10 v/v/v) gradient program from 15% to 45% of B in 15min, 45-70% B in 30min, 70-90% B in lOmin, 90-99% B in 5min, 99-15% B in 5min (flow rate 1 mL/min). (Reprinted from American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 51, Favretto and Flamini, Copyright 2000)...

Sefc, K., Regner, R, Turetschek, E., Gldssl, J., SteinkeUner, H., 1999. Identification of microsateUite sequences in Vitis riparia and their applicabUity to genotype different Vitis species. Genome 42, 361-313. 

Zhang, J., Hausmann, L., Eibach, R., Welter, L.J., Topfer, R., Zyprian, E.M., 2009. A framework map from grapevine V3125 Vitis vinifera Schiava grossa x Riesling )x rootstock cultivar Bomer Vitis riparia x Vitis cinerea) to localize genetic determinants of phylloxera root resistance. Theor. Appl. Genet 119,1039-1051. 

Xiao, H., Tattersall, E.A.R., Siddiqua, M.K., Cramer, G.R., Nassuth, A., 2008. CBF4 is a unique member of the CBF transcription factor family of Vitis vinifera and Vitis riparia. Plant Cell Environ. 31, 1-10. 

Xiao, H., Nassuth, A., 2006. Stress- and development-induced expression of spliced and unspliced transcripts from two highly similar dehydrin 1 genes in Vitis riparia and Vitis vinifera. Plant Cell Rep. 25, 968-977. 

Vitis riparia. During the initial testing of GRNl-5, their resistance was tested against multiple individual types of nematodes as well as mixtures of nanatodes (Ferris et al., 2012). These rootstocks should prove to have durable long-term resistance in the future because nematode pressure continues to increase in California vineyards. 

Vitis riparia Michx has contributed substantially to the creation of rootstock and hybrid grape cultivars, because it is easily propagated and has desirable traits. It has good cold hardiness, disease resistance, and resists phylloxera, but it does not tolerate calcareous soils (Cousins, 2005 Einset and Pratt, 1975). Riparia Gloire rootstock is a direct selection of V. riparia (Cousins, 2005). Because of its wide distribution throughout the Eastern US, breeders in other areas of the country have used V. riparia as a source of cold hardiness, for example, Frontenac (Claik, 1997). 

Some of the earliest efforts to develop a grape cuMvar hardy enough to be grown without winter protection in the Upper Midwest were done by the (jerman immigrant, Louis Suelter. Suelter lived near Carver, MN, and in the 1870s, he CTOssed a supposedly white-fruited form of Vitis riparia with Concord (Pfaender, 1912). 

Beta Black (Vitis riparia X Concord) Louis Suelter... 

Hemstad, P.R., Luby, J.J., 2000. Utilization of Vitis riparia for the development of new wine varieties with resistance to disease and extreme cold. Acta Hort. 528,487-490. 

The presence of diglncoside anthocyanins (Figure 6.11) in large quantities is specific to certain species in the genus Vitis (V. riparia and... 

Zamboni et al. [26] studied the differential response of Vitis cell cultures for the production of trans-K, finding that elicited cell cultures of V. amurensis and those resulting from the crossing between V. riparia and V. berlandieri were able to produce more trans-R than cell cultures of V. vinifera cv Pinot Noir or Merzling. 

Boubals (1966) was among the hrst to study phylloxera resistance and its heri-tability in both intraspecihc and interspecihc hybrids of V vinifera, V berlandieri, V. riparia, V. rupestris, V. cinerea and Vitis labrusca. In 1934, however, Carl Bbmer discovered total phylloxera resistance in V. cinerea Arnold and used this species in his breeding programme. V. cinerea shows a total resistance to this pest and was used to produce its hybrid with V. riparia 183 G, which was named Bomer (Becker and Bomer, 1988). Bomer responds to phylloxera infestation with a hypersensitive reaction, which results in local necrosis on leaves and roots so that the damage caused... 

Vitis rupestris Scheele is also called the sand grape. It occurs in the mid-South states of Arkansas, Kenmcky, Tennessee, and Oklahoma (Cousins, 2005). One especially positive trait of this species for breeding is resistance to phylloxera. It also roots easily, develops a deep root system, and has high vigor, but like V. riparia, it does not tolerate calcareous soils (Einset and Pratt, 1975 Snyder, 1937). St. George root-stock is a selection of V. rupestris (Cousins, 2005). 

---