Vitexin-rhamnoside

Investigators attempted to elucidate the mechanism of action of the flavonoids hyperoside, luteolin-7-glucoside, rutin, vitexin, vitexin-rhamnoside, and monoacetyl-vitexin-rhamnoside in spontaneous beating Langenhoff preparations of guinea pig hearts (Schussler et al., 1995). Dose-dependent effects on contractility, heart rate, and coronary blood flow similar to that of theophylline... 

Fisel, J. 1965. New flavonoids from Crataegus 1. Isolation of an acetylated vitexin-4-rhamnoside from Crataegus monogyna L. Arzneim-Forsch. 15(12), 1417-1421. 

Available products include tea, 1 5 tincture in 45% alcohol, 1 1 liquid extract in 25% alcohol (Blumenthal, 1997) and capsules of 250 mg, 455 mg, and 510 mg. The French Pharmacopoeia requires 45% ethanol for the fluid extract and 60% ethanol for the tincture (Bahorun et al., 1996). It is recommended that 0.5-1 mL of liquid extract or 1-2 mL of tincture be taken three times a day (Blumenthal, 1997). The tea is made from 0.3-1 g of dried berries infused in hot water and taken three times a day (Blumenthal, 1997 Bigus et al., 1998). A typical therapeutic dose of extract, standardized to contain 1.8% vitexin-4 rhamnoside, is 100-250 mg three times daily. A standardized extract containing 18% procyanidolic oligomers (oligomeric procyanidns) is dosed at 250-500 mg daily (Anonymous, 1998). 

Adonitoxigeiiin glycosides adonitoxin (0,07%) A-acetyl rhamnoside, A-gliicoside, A-xyloside Flavone-C-glycosides adonivernith, vitexin... 

Fig. 9A Avena saliva samples (1,2) reveal eight to ten grey-blue (vis.) zones in the R, range 0.15-0.9. Avenacoside A and B are found in the lower range (T1/T2). The characteristic saponin avenacoside B is more concentrated in the herba sample 2, which also contains havoii glycosides (e.g. isoorientin-2"-0-arabinoside, vitexin-2"-0-rhamnoside) seen as one yellow zone at 0.25.

Figure 9b. Vitexin-2 -0-a-L-rhamnoside (32), isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (narcissi. 33), kaempferol-3-O-mtinoside (nicotiflorin. 34) quercetin-3-O-P-D-glucoside (isoquercitrin. 35) and vitexin (alpigenin 8-C-glucoside. 36).

Wu C, Zhang J, Zhou T, Guo B, Wang Y, Hou J (2011) Simultaneous determination of seven flavonoids in dog plasma by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a bioequivalence study of bioactive components in Herba epimedii and Er-Xian Decoction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 54 186-191 Ma G, Jiang X-H, Chen Z, Ren J, Li C-R, Liu T-M (2007) Simultaneous determination of vitexin-4"-0-glucoside and vitexin-2 -0-rhamnoside from hawthorn leaves flavonoids in rat plasma by HPLC method and its application to pharmacokinetic studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 44 243-249... 

Compounds associated with cardiotonic activity include hyperoside, vitexin, vitexin-2 -rhamnoside, oligomeric procyanidins, and (—)-epicatechin. Tbe flavonoids and oligomeric procyanidins have a tonic effect on tbe cardiac muscles, are negatively cbronotropic and dromotropic, and also show tbe bradycar-diac effect commonly noted for Crataegus (list and horhammer)/ Flavonoids may also be the major constituents responsible for the hypolipidemic effect of hawthorn by regulating lipoprotein lipases expression. ... 

Vitexin-4"-0-glucoside, vitexin-2"-0-rhamnoside, rutin, vitexin... 

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