Virgin compound

Floor mats, carpet backing, and reHef mats have been traditional markets for ground mbber where the material adds resHiency at a lower cost compared to virgin compounds. Certain molded products have also been markets for ground mbber. An interesting use is the manufacture of lawn soaker... 

EXTENTIONS AND COMMENTARY The evaluation of this compound is not yet complete. An initial trial at the 2 milligram level showed neither central action, nor toxicity. It could be guessed from the activity of the two-carbon counterpart, that an active level will be found in the tens of milligrams area. But, as of the moment, this level is not known to anyone, anywhere, because no one has yet defined it. And when the potency is finally found out, the nature of the activity will also have been found out, all the result of a magical interaction of a virgin compound with a virgin psyche. At the immediate moment, the nature of G-N is not only unknown, it has not yet even been sculpted. There can be no more exciting area of research than this, anywhere in the sentient world. 

Formation of dioxins/furans a compound containing standard loadings of DecaBDE was injection moulded and reground to simulate recycling, for five cycles, and then analysed for brominated dioxins/furans (PBDD/F). The virgin compound showed no detectable amounts. The recycled forms showed amounts of PBDD/F below the limit of the German Dioxin Decree by a factor of about 40. 

Table 2 shows some properties of profiles made from virgin PVC compound in comparison to the same profiles made of regenerated PVC covered with the same virgin compound. 

Thermoset materials can also be recycled in the form of filler for use in virgin compounds. This has been successfully demonstrated in polyester and epoxy molding compounds there would not seem to be any technical reason why other thermoset resins carmot be recycled in the same manner. 

Masterbatch (MB) (e.g., for blending in intermixers with virgin compounds)... 

Overall, the study demonstrated that high percentages of crumb rubber can be treated using the surface polymerisation method and incorporated back into virgin compound with a resulting specification that competes with the market standard products. 

Until the 1960s, reclaimed mbber was an important raw material in molded and extmded mbber products, eg, tires, mbber mats, and hard mbber battery cases. With the advent of vinyl, other plastics, and less expensive oil-extended synthetic polymers, reclaimed mbber sales stabilized and decreased. In 1973, the oil embargo and rising energy costs increased costs of the energy-intensive mbber reclaiming process to the point where they matched virgin polymer costs. Increased radial tire production required crack resistance that could not be provided by reclaimed mbber compounds (46). 

The mbber was ground and treated. It was then washed and the mbber steam devulcani2ed and formed to shape where it could then be reincorporated into virgin mbber compounds. An improvement on this technique was the use of alkaH digestion (see Recycling, rubber). 

The principal benefit of using red aim is its lower cost compared to virgin mbbers. Reclaim typicaUy seUs for 20—30% of the cost of its none-reclaimed counterparts. Reclaimed mbber also imparts some desirable improvements in processing it has much lower nerve than virgin polymers. As a result, compounds containing reclaim have much lower die sweU and extmsion rates. It also increases calender rates and improves flow and mold filling. 

Virgin Naphtha Catalytic Reforming (Powerfortning) This technique is used for the production of high octane motor gasoline, or as a source of aromatic compounds. 

The usual feed is a virgin gas oil that is, the part of crude oil boiling between about 60 °F. and 1050°F. Sometimes material below 600°F will be included into the cat feed but more often, it is put into diesel fuel or home heating oil. The heavy material above 1050°F is not normally used as cat feed because it often contains metallic compounds that contaminate the catalyst. Even if metals are not present, there are sometimes tarry materials that end up on the catalyst. This deposit increases the load on the regenerator, and, hence, the 1050 °F+ material is less desirable than lower boiling feeds. 

The virgin naphtha feed after having been hydrofined over a cobalt molybdenum catalyst to remove sulftir compounds passes through the Powerformer. After stabilization, the aromatics are recovered by extracdon with... 

Thiophene and methylthiophenes have been found in virgin petroleum. 3,4,5-Trimethyl-2-methylthiothiophene has been isolated from a concentrate of sulfur compounds obtained in the refining of Middle East kerosene. ... 

Li, S., Lamminmaki, J., and Hanhi, K., Improvement of mechanical properties of rubber compounds using waste rubber/virgin rubber, Polym. Eng. Sci., 45, 1239, 2005. 

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