Viral encephalitides antigenicity

FIGURE 3.23 Enterovirus 71. Positive staining of EV71 viral antigens in neurons and neuronal processes of a fatal case of enterovirus encephalitis. (Immunoalkaline phosphatase with naphthol fast red substrate and hematoxylin counterstain original magnification x40.)... 

Jahrling PB, Scherer WF. Histopathology and distribution of viral antigens in hamsters infected with virulent and benign Venezuelan encephalitis viruses. Am J Pathol. 1973 72 25-38. 

The occurrence of obesity was correlated with the neurovirulence of the virus strain (Bernard et al, 1999). Prior vaccination with a vaccinia recombinant coding for CDV surface antigens partially protected against acute encephalitis and obesity (Sixt et al., 1998 Wild et al., 1993). Neuroadapted CDV strain inoculation by other routes (intranasal, footpad, and subcutaneous) does not produce obesity, suggesting that viral replication in the brain is a prerequisite for development of obesity, as suggested by Bernard et al. (1999). 

Viral products are expressed in high levels in the acute stage of infection and at lower levels in the late stage (1 year after infection). Survivors of acute encephalitis complete the elimination of virus-producing cells or suppress expression of viral antigens within a few weeks postinfection (Nagashima et al., 1992). 

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