Vertical drum

This method is a companion to the vertical drum method. 

Vertical Drums - The wetted vessel surface within 7.5 m of grade, based on normal high liquid level, is used. If the entire vessel is 7.5 m or more above grade, then only the surface of the bottom head need be included. 

So far, we have only been talking about washing machines in general without differentiating between the various types. In terms of construction, the washing machines most frequently available on world markets can be divided into two groups, those with a horizontal drum axis and those with a vertical drum axis as shown in Fig. 3.1. 

It is quite obvious that the suds should also be measured. In recent years sensors have been fitted that directly measure the clouding of suds in Japanese machines with vertical drum axes as well as in European machines with horizontal axes. This uses relatively inexpensive infrared sensors which register the weakening of a beam of infrared light. 

Gravity Separators (Horizontal and Vertical Drums/Catch Tanks)... 

The design of liquid-phase separation in the horizontal drum (both gravity and impingement types) is identical to that for the vertical drum. 

Effluents from both furnaces are combined and enter the soaker this is a large vertical drum designed to provide additional residence time for conversion under adiabatic conditions. Effluent at 500 psig and 915°F enters the bottom zone of the main fractionator. 

Vertical drum, 10,000-gal capacity, low-pressure service, 304 stainless steel 72,000... 

For the flow conditions of Example 18.3, design a vertical drum with a standard efficiency stainless steel wire mesh pad. For this condition, from Table 18.2, k = 0.35, so that... 

Tumble blenders V-blenders Bin blenders DcHible cone blenders Slant cone blenders Horirontal/vertical/drum blenders... 

Solution The loop seal was replaced by a more positive siphon breaking system consisting of a 1-by-4-ft vertical drum and a 3-inch balancing line. The heavy phase exited the new dmm from a side sump with an inlet chordal weir. This prevented any siphoning in the new heavy phase draw line. Also a weir was installed just upstream of the light phase outlet nozzle. Good operations resulted. 

Rounding of soft, plastic agglomerate usually EX-TRUDATES in a vertical drum with rotating bottom. Characteristic parameter for roller presses defined as pressing force/active roll width . 

There are several designs of eddy-current separators, such as ramp separators and vertical drums. 

M. Lungu and Z. Schlett, Vertical Drum Eddy-current Separator with Permanent Magnets , Int. J. Mineral Processing, 63, 207-216 (2001). 

The following steps are used to size a vertical drum. Step 1. Calculate the vapor-liquid separation factor. 

Florizontal vessels are used for substantial vapor-liquid separation where the liquid holdup space must be large. Maximum vapor velocity and minimum vapor space are determined as in the vertical drum, except that for horizontal separators is generally set at 1.25K. The following steps are carried out in sizing horizontal separators. 

Vertical drum with rotating bottom for spheronizing. (See also Marumerizer.)... 

For a vertical drum, the desired vapor space is at least 1-1/2 times the diameter, with 6 in. as the minimum above the top of the inlet nozzle. In addition, a 6-in. minimum is required between the maximum liquid level and the bottom of the inlet nozzle. 

Example 4 illustrates that the practical application of horizontal vapor-liquid separators is limited to the complete removal of liquid entrainment in the 50 to 100 micron range. For critical circuits where only limited residual entrainment can be tolerated, it is best to use these drums as a precleaner. Such a precleaner would then be followed by a more efficient cleaner (for instance, a vertical drum with a mesh pad). 

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