Variable assignment symbol

A value is assigned to a variable by using the variable assignment symbol... 

Schematic representation of the CCLD program. Variable assignments are symbolized by =. Conditional statements are enclosed by diamonds. [From Reference 28.]...

The value of an assigned variable is computed by applying the binary function of the assigning operation to the values of the operand variables. The value of an input variable is symbolically defined using the function varinit VARS dfvalue. The recursion is well founded because the DAG property of data flow graphs prevents cyclic data dependencies. 

In a concrete DFM varinit may be introduced as a constant (then the values of input variables remain symbolic) or it may be introduced as a mapping to concrete values. The execution of the model then result in symbolic values or concrete values, resp. For the example xdfm. computing the value of the assigned variable f results in... 

In addition to having to assign state variables to the strings of the DDF, we also have to assign properties to the alphabet symbols. In our flowshop example, the alphabet symbols can be interpreted as batches to be executed with a series of processing times. Thus, if we use the notation, (jc), to denote the state of partial solution, x, then... 

In Section II, we presented the computational model involved in branching from a node, cr, to a node aa,. In this model, it was necessary to interpret the alphabet symbol a, and ascribe it to a set of properties. In the same way, we have to interpret o- as a state of the flowshop, and for convenience, we assigned a set of state variables to tr that facilitated the calculation of the lower-bound value and any existing dominance or equivalence conditions. Thus, we must be able to manipulate the variable values associated with state and alphabet symbols. To do this, we can use the distinguishing feature of first-order predicates, i.e., the ability to parameterize over their arguments. We can use two place predicates, or binary predicates, where the first place introduces a variable to hold the value of the property and the second holds the element of the language, or the string of which we require the value. Thus, if we want to extract the lower bound of a state o-, we can use the predicate Lower-bound Ig [cr]) to bind Ig to the value of the lower bound of cr. This idea extends easily to properties, which are indexed by more than just the state itself, for example, unit-completion-times, v, which are functions of both the state and a unit... 

Simulink shares the main MATLAB workspace. When we enter information into, say, the transfer function block, we can use a variable symbol instead of a number. We then define the variable and assign values to it in the MATLAB command window. This allows for a much quicker route to do parametric studies than changing the numbers within the Simulink icons and dialog boxes. 

As defined in Chapter Two, program schemes have basis function letters, predicate letters and constants, with "meanings" assigned by interpretations. These symbols plus the variables or storage locations are combined to form two basic kinds of instructions or statements, assignments and tests two special instructions,... 

Furthermore, a variable classification strategy based on an output set assignment algorithm and the symbolic manipulation of process constraints is discussed. It manages any set of unmeasured variables and measurements, such as flowrates, compositions, temperatures, pure energy flows, specific enthalpies, and extents of reaction. Although it behaves successfully for any relationship between variables, it is well suited to nonlinear systems, which are the most common in process industries. 

The symbols x and y, used in the function formulae, are conventionally termed the Imdependent variable and dependent variable, respectively. This terminology conveys the idea that we are free to assign values to the independent variable but that, once we have done so, a unique value for... 

This is very similar to creating and assigning variables, as addressed earlier in the word-problem section. In addition to identifying what is known and unknown, also take time to translate operation words into actual symbols. It is best when working with a word problem to represent every part of it, phrase by phrase, in mathematical language. 

The second term is responsible for the fluctuations of and the symbol R denotes the set of variables necessary to assign to the variable S, the proper intermittent properties. This is a crucial assumption. The model might rest, for instance, on a double-well potential, within which the variable E, moves, virtually attaining only the values corresponding to the bottoms of the two wells. The crucial issue is to make the distributions of time of sojourn at the bottom of these two wells distinctly non-Poisson and renewal at the same time. Here we limit ourselves to assuming that the theoretical waiting time distribution i(t) has the form of Eq. (92) and that /exp(f) is related to it via Eq. (73). In the specific case that we are here describing, a convenient form for the projection operator P is... 

Assign algebraic symbols to unknown stream variables [such as m (kg solution/min), x (Ibm N2/lbm), and n (kmol C3H8)] and write these variable names and their associated units on the chart. For example. If you did not know the flow rate of the stream described in the first illustration of step 1, you might label the stream... 

Symbolic variables can also be assigned to names as follows ... 

If one wishes to compare a family of related molecules differing only in peripheral substituents, one runs into the question of how to define the position of a variable substituent. One possibility is to use the position of the substituent atom directly linked to the constant fragment but without assigning an elemental symbol to it. Another possibility is to consider interatomic vectors for a vector between an atom of the constant fragment and the first atom of the substituent, only the direction is important, not the length. 

An identical equation is satisfied by each or any value that may be assigned to the variable it contains. The coefficients of like powers of x, in the two numbers, are also equal to each other. Hence, if x = 0, a = a. We can remove, therefore, a and a from the general equation. After the removal of a and a, divide by x and put x = 0, hence 6 = 6 similarly, c=d, etc. For fuller details, see any elementary text-book on algebra. The symbol = is frequently used in place of = when it is desired to emphasize the fact that we are dealing with identities, not equations of condition. While an identical equation is satisfied by any value we may choose to assign to the variable it contains, an equation of condition is only satisfied by particular values of the variable. As long as this distinction is borne in mind, we may follow customary usage and write " — when = is intended. For = we may read, " may be transformed into.,. whatever value the variable x may assume while for =, we must read, is equal to... when the variable x satisfies some special condition or assumes some particular value... 

As with arrays, there is a distinction between the hash as a whole and individual elements of a hash. When referring to an element of a hash using its index surrounded by curly braces, one is referring to the scalar value contained within the hash, so the symbol must be used as a prefix. To refer to the hash variable as a whole, use the % symbol as the prehx. This allows for one hash to be assigned to another, as well as the ability to perform other whole-hash operations. 

The symbol — indicates assignment for example, u <— 5 assigns the value 5 to the variable a. 

The control expression of this while loop calls getchar to read in a character, assigns that character to the ch variable, and then runs the body of the loop (which in the above example is empty, causing the above code to read in and ignore all of the input). The loop terminates when getchar returns the value EOF (end of file a symbolic constant that is defined in the stdio.h include file). 

The initial ccaidition needed to calculate all c( itrol step assignments is that every constant can be considered as scheduled in contrd step 0. Also, the cwitrol step vdien each variable is last generated must be kept in a symbol taUe so that every operator that uses it will be scheduled after that. An AG implementation (f a symbol table can be found in (Economakos, 1995). 

To describe a fully specified (deterministic) finite state machine without output in PTL, we first introduce a propositional variable for each input symbol and one for each state. Our interpretation for the variables is such that when a variable is assigned true, that symbol (state) is the machine s current symbol (state) the symbols (states) are mutually exclusive. This may be compared with a one-hot encoding scheme. In PTL, the mutual exclusion of variables vO, vl, v2,. .., vn can be expressed by [] ( vl v2. .. vn V vl v2. ..vn V V vl v2. ..vn) or in short-hand notation [] El (... 

Strategy There are two unknown quantities in this problem the relative abundances of Cl and Cl. A general rule of algebra is that you need as many equations as there are unknown variables to solve such a problem. For two unknowns, therefore, we need two equations that relate these variables. It is also useful to assign the unknowns simple algebraic symbols (such as x or y) to simplify the algebraic manipulations. 

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