Vapor pressure of solid

Table 2. Vapor Pressure of Solid Carbon Dioxide ...

Relative Vapor Pressure of Solid and Liquid. If the dissolved solids in a liquid have a low vapor pressure relative to the liquid in which they are dissolved, provided the solid is not affected by the liquid boiling point, it is an easy matter to vaporize the liquid, leaving a dry residue. 

E8.3 The vapor pressures of solid and liquid hydrogen cyanide are given by... 

Bluish-black orthorhombic crystals refractive index 3.34 density of solid 4.933 g/cm3 at 20°C density of the element in liquid form at 120°C 3.96 g/cm melts at 113.6°C to a black mobile liquid the solid can be sublimed to vapor below its melting point vapor pressure of solid at 25°C 0.3075 torr vapor pressure at 113.6°C 90.5 torr the liquid boils at 184.3°C giving violet vapors vapor density 6.75 g/L critical temperature 545.8°C critical pressure 48.9 atm critical volume 155 cm /mol dielectric constant of solid 10.3 at 23°C and... 

Worsnop, D. R., L. E. Fox, M. S. Zahniser, and S. C. Wofsy, Vapor Pressures of Solid Hydrates of Nitric Acid Implications for Polar Stratospheric Clouds, Science, 259, 71-74 (1993). 

Ne (c). Verschaffelt2 measured the vapor pressure of solid neon. 

HCI (c, I). Giauque and Wiebe1 and Eucken and Karwat1 found, by direct measurement, F= —0.504 and —0.476, respectively. The data of Eucken and Donath,1 Eucken and Karwat,1 and Giauque and Wiebe,1 on the vapor pressure of solid and liquid HCI in the neighborhood of the triple point, yield F= —0.498. 

Liquids with high vapor pressures at ordinary temperatures are said to be volatile. Diethyl ether is highly volatile mercury is not. Solids also exert a vapor pressure, but the vapor pressures of solids are usually much lower than those of liquids because the molecules in a solid are gripped more tightly than they are in a liquid. Nevertheless, solids vaporize in the process called sublimation, which we can observe in the presence of some pungent solids—such as menthol and mothballs. 

Worsnop, D.R Fox, L.E., Zahniser, M.S., and Wofsy, S.C. (1993) Vapor pressures of solid hydrates of nitric arid implications for polar stratospheric clouds. Science 259,71-74. 

The vapor pressure,% of solid iodine has been redetermined using the gas current method and by a static method using a flexible metallic diaphragm (27,28). The data from the gas current method are well represented by equation 2 (27) ... 

Vapor Pressure. The vapor pressure of solid TNT has been determined over the range 12 to 56° by two groups using a new gas chromatographic technique with an electron-capture detector (Refs 64 65). This procedure is simple, sensitive, and purifies the sample in situ. The equations obtained are as follows ... 

Mo (g). Jones, Langmuir, and Mackay1 reported values for the vapor pressure of solid molybdenum. The energy states of gaseous monatomic molybdenum are evaluated from the data of Catalan1 and Meggers and Kiess.1 See also Bacher and Goudsmit.1... 

For the corrections needed to convert from vapor pressure of supercooled liquid to vapor pressure of solids, the uncertainty is greater. The correction in this case may be accurate only to 20%. Since the ratio Pb/P, is so much larger than the ratio Pe/Ps, this uncertainty is of less significance. If we consider a high-melting non-volatile substance like anthracene, the correction factor log (Ps/ P,) was calculated to be 2.02 at 25°C. A 20% uncertainty would lead to a 2.5-fold uncertainty in the prediction of Ps. However, when the vapor pressure is as low as 0.3 mPa, an uncertainty resulting in values of 0.1 mPa or 0.8 mPa would make little practical difference. 

Knudsen121 Effusion Gauge. To measure the vapor pressure of solids or liquids indirectly, a Knudsen cell is a cylindrical cell containing the sample. A small opening at the top of the cell allows molecules to evaporate at a fixed rate, proportional to the vapor pressure inside the cell. The mass loss of the cell is proportional to the pressure and is measured after a fixed time, for several temperatures. 

This experiment is in some respects similar to two other experiments eoneeming enthalpy changes attending phase transformations, namely, Exps. 13 and 47. However, it differs from them in that the experimental data, whieh are vapor pressures of solid iodine at several... 

One method of measuring the vapor pressures of solids or liquids having ver ... 

The melting and boiling points for a substance are determined by the vapor pressures of the solid and liquid states. Figure 16.51 shows the vapor pressures of solid and liquid water as functions of temperature near 0°C. Note that below 0°C the vapor pressure of ice is less than the vapor pressure of liquid water. Also note that the vapor pressure of ice has a larger temperature dependence than that of the liquid. That is, the vapor pressure of ice increases more rapidly for a given rise in temperature than does the vapor pressure of water. Thus, as the temperature of the solid is increased, a point is eventually reached where the liquid and solid have identical vapor pressures. This is the melting point. 

The vapor pressures of solid and liquid water as a function of temperature. The data for liquid water below 0°C are obtained from supercooled water. The data for solid water above 0°C are estimated by extrapolation of vapor pressure from below 0°C. 

Bender, R., Bieling, V., Maurer, G. (1983) The vapor pressures of solids anthracene, hydroquinone, and resorcinol. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 15, 585-594. 

The most striking fact is the very high vapor pressure of solid neopentane its vapor pressure is higher than that of liquid B-pentane at... 

The tungsten filament in an incandescent lightbulb ordinarily operates at a temperature of about 2500°C. At this temperature, the vapor pressure of solid tungsten is 7.0 X 10 atm. Estimate the number of gaseous tungsten atoms per cubic centimeter under these conditions. 

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