Vagina structure

Prostate Citric acid Acid phosphatase Spermidine Zinc ions Calcium ions Proteolytic enzymes Oxidation generates ATP and removes protons (Chapter 6) Hydrolyses phosphatidylcholine Not known Helps to stabilise structure of DNA (see Table 15.4) Stimulate coagulatiou of semeu in vagina Gradual breakdowu of coagulum to release sperm... 

Oestradiol and progesterone regulate the structural and functional changes in oviducts, uterus, cervix and vagina that occur during the menstrual cycle. They provide conditions in the oviduct for the upward motility of sperm, and the downward movement of ova, and also conditions favourable for fertilisation in the oviduct and implantation in the uterus. Another effect is to stimulate vaginal secretions. 

In utero exposure of men to DES, a synthetic non-steroid estrogen, has been linked to increased incidence of meatal stenosis, epididymal cysts, testicular hypoplasia, cryptorchidism, microphallus, and sperm abnormalities (Henderson et al., 1976 Gill et al., 1977, 1979 Stillman, 1982). In females, adenosis, clear cell adenocarcinoma, and structural defects of the cervix, vagina, uterus, and fallopian tubes have been linked to in utero exposure to DES (Stillman, 1982). 

FIGURE 1 Female reproductive system and related structures vagina (1), cervix (2), uterus (3), ovary (4), fallopian tube (5), urinary bladder (6), urethra (7), anus (8), rectum (9), colon (10), vestibule (11), and pubic symphysis (12). (Courtesy of Lufs Pauperio.)... 

During a normal menstrual cycle, there is a closely coordinated interplay of feedback effects between the hypothalamus, the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, and the ovaries. In addition, there are cyclic hormone changes that lead to functional and structural changes in the ovaries (foUicle maturation, ovulation, and corpus luteum development), uterus (preparation of the endometrium for possible implantation of the fertilized ovum), cervix (to permit transport of sperm), and vagina (see Figure 53-7). ... 

Nystatin is a tetraene macrolide that is structurally similar to amphotericin B and has the same mechanism of action. Nystatin is not absorbed from the GI tract, skin, or vagina. 

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