Using Lines to Show Structural Formulas

FIGURE 20.4 Representation of organic structural formulas with lines the structural formulas showing atoms are on the left and the corresponding line formulas on the right. Each line corner and end represents a carbon atom unless otherwise specified. Each C atom has four covalent bonds or equivalent attached, and the presence of H atoms is implied to provide the required bonds. 

What is the structural formula of the compound represented on the left, here  

Ethylene oxide Ethanol (alcohol) Acetone (ketone) 

FIGURE 20.5 Examples of important classes of organic compounds with oxygen-containing functional groups the functional groups characteristic of various classes of compounds are outlined by dashed lines. 

The C=0 group in the middle of an organic molecule is characteristic of ketones. When this group is located at the end of a molecule and the carbon is also bonded to H, the compound is an aldehyde. The two lowest aldehydes are formaldehyde and acetaldehyde 

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