Uridine-5 -triphosphate

UTP Uridine triphosphate UV Ultraviolet UVA Ultraviolet A UVB Ultraviolet B UVR Ultraviolet irradiation UW University of Wisconsin (preserving solution)... 

Figure 12 Gradient separation of bases, nucleosides and nucleoside mono- and polyphosphates. Column 0.6 x 45 cm. Aminex A-14 (20 3 p) in the chloride form. Eluent 0.1 M 2-methyl-2-amino-l-propanol delivered in a gradient from pH 9.9-100 mM NaCl to pH 10.0-400 mM NaCl. Flow rate 100 ml/hr. Temperature 55°C. Detection UV at 254 nm. Abbreviations (Cyt) cytosine, (Cyd) cytidine, (Ado) adenosine, (Urd) uridine, (Thyd) thymidine, (Ura) uracil, (CMP) cytidine monophosphate, (Gua) guanine, (Guo) guanosine, (Xan) xanthine, (Hyp) hypoxanthine, (Ino) inosine, (Ade) adenosine, (UMP) uridine monophosphate, (CDP) cytidine diphosphate, (AMP) adenosine monophosphate, (GMP) guanosine monophosphate, (IMP) inosine monophosphate, (CTP) cytidine triphosphate, (ADP) adenosine diphosphate, (UDP) uridine monophosphate, (GDP) guanosine diphosphate, (UTP) uridine triphosphate, (ATP) adenosine triphosphate, (GTP), guanosine triphosphate. (Reproduced with permission of Elsevier Science from Floridi, A., Palmerini, C. A., and Fini, C., /. Chromatogr., 138, 203, 1977.)...

Figure 8.19. Sequence reactions from aspartic acid (AA) and carbamoyl phosphate (CP) to the end product, cytidine triphosphate (CTP). The first reaction is catalyzed by ATCase. The intermediary compounds are N-carbamoyl aspartic acid (N-CAA), L-dihydroorotic acid (L-DHOA), orotic acid (OA), orotidine 5 -phosphate (0-5 -P), uridine 5 -phosphate (U-5 -P), uridine diphosphate (UDP), and uridine triphosphate (UTP).

Uracil Uridine Uridylic acid Uridine monophosphate (UMP) Uridine diphosphate (UDP) Uridine triphosphate (UTP)... 

Figure 20.9 The positions in the pathway for de novo pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis where GLUCOSE provides the ribose molecule and GLUTAMINE provides nitrogen atoms. Glucose forms ribose 5-phosphate, via the pentose phosphate pathway (see chapter 6), which enters the pathway, after phosphorylation, as 5-phospho-ribosyl 1-pyrophosphate. Glutamine provides the nitrogen atom to synthesise carbamoylphos-phate (with formation of glutamate), and also to form cytidine triphosphate (CTP) from uridine triphosphate (UTP), catalysed by the enzyme CTP synthetase. It is the amide nitrogen of glutamine that is the nitrogen atom that is provided in these reactions.

Although FdUrd produces only DNA-medicated cyotoxicity, 5-FU can also be metabolized to fluorouracil monophosphate (FUMP) and ultimately to fluorouracil triphosphate (FUTP), which can be incorporated into RNA in place of uridine triphosphate (UTP). In other words, incorporation of 5-FU into RNA mimics uracil de novo synthesis and affects the production of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) (16,17). 5 -FU also affects several aspects of messenger RNA (mRNA) function, including transcription (18), translation (19), and slicing (20). 

Mutation of one of the two enzyme activities of UMP synthase leads to orotic aciduria, characterized by accumulation of its first substrate orotic acid and insufficient levels of the product UMP, which reduces availability of uridine triphosphate (UTP) and cytidine triphosphate (CTP) for use in nucleic acid synthesis. 

Glycogen is synthesized from molecules of a-D-glucose. The process occurs in the cytosol, and requires energy supplied by ATP (for the phosphorylation of glucose) and uridine triphosphate (UTP). 

Fig 2 Formation of morphine glucumnide. NAD = nicotinamide adenine dmuiteotidn NADH = reduced NAD ATP — adenosine triphosphate ADP = adenosine diphosphaie HIP = uridine triphosphate LrDP = undine diphosphate... 

Fig. 8.3. Dming transcription by T7 RNA polymerase, uridine triphosphates with tire modifications shown can be incorporated into the RNA transcript without loss of sequence information or diversity.

Vaish, N.K., Fraley, A.W., Szostak, J.W., McLaughlin, L.W. Expanding the structural and functional diversity of RNA analog uridine triphosphates as candidates for in vitro selection of nucleic acids. Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 3316-3322 (2000). 

Phosphorolysis of ribonucleic acid with polynucleotide phosphorylase gives a mixture of the diphosphates of the four common nucleosides, which are transformed into triphosphates with enolpyruvate phosphate and pyruvate kinase. This mixture may be used as such as a source of uridine triphosphate in the preparation of the nucleotide-sugar uridine 5 -(a-D-glucopy-ranosyl diphosphate) ( uridine-diphosphate-glucose, UDP-Glc), or as a... 

Some of the reactions of PO3- parallel enzymatic reactions promoted by adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Pyruvate kinase catalyzes the equilibration of ATP and pyruvate with adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphoenol pyruvate (11,12). In a formal sense, this reaction resembles the preparations of enol phosphate (eqs. 6 and 7). Cytidine triphosphate synthetase catalyzes the reaction of uridine triphosphate with ammonia to yield cytidine triphosphate (13). In a formal sense, this reaction resembles the replacement of the ester carbonyl group of ethyl acetate by the nitrogen of aniline (eq. 8). 

L2. Lieberman, I., Enzymatic animation of uridine triphosphate to cytidine triphosphate. Am. Chem. Soc. 77, 2661 (1955). 

UMP UTP VO 203 WI-38 uridine monophosphate uridine triphosphate hybridoma cell line Wistar Institute-38 human embryonic lung tissue cell line... 

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