Unified field theory

As he gi ew older, Helmholtz became more and more interested in the mathematical side of physics and made noteworthy theoretical contributions to classical mechanics, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics and electrodynamics. He devoted the last decade of his life to an attempt to unify all of physics under one fundamental principle, the principle of least action. This attempt, while evidence of Helmholtz s philosphical bent, was no more successtul than was Albert Einstein s later quest for a unified field theory. Helmholtz died m 1894 as the result of a fall suffered on board ship while on his way back to Germany from the United States, after representing Germany at the Electrical Congress m Chicago in August, 1893. 

That I am using terms such as Philistine and sophisticated in ways to provoke the reader can be seen by the fact that on this usage Einstein was an unsophisticated Philistine. He was so unsophisticated that he was able to solve problems that generations of the best minds in the world had failed to solve. He retained this optimism for the rest of his life as he tried to provide a unified field theory, a quest that his more sophisticated contemporaries found foolish. 

Alchemical thinking helped lead the Society to interpret the implications of modem atomic theory in a way that emphasized the unity of matter (and even of energy) that saw oneness, rather than disunity and distinctness, as a major substratum of atomic theory and that pushed to spiritualize this principle. This grasping for ever simpler and more basic unity is, of course, not so uncommon an impulse in twentieth-century physics. (Consider unified field theories, and even the Theory of Everything in more recent physics.) Alchemy allowed the scientists and Hermeticists of the Alchemical Society to re-enchant science by positing the origins of the modem scientific push for unity in ancient Hermetic spirituality. 

Karl Pribram was no prosaic scientist. He was a visionary who hungered for a unified theory of behavior, just as Einstein struggled in vain to create a unified field theory. Today, equally obsessed physicists and mathematicians strive for a theory of everything. If someone succeeds, I suspect that it will defy, rather than enhance comprehension for most of us. 

B. 0(3) EM Is a Subset of Sachs Generalized Unified Field Theory... 

In Sachs great generalization of a combined general relativity and electrodynamics, we are also speaking of spacetime curvature functions, and a unified field theory. See also Sachs chapter on symmetry in electrodynamics from special to general relativity, macro to quantum domains in this series of volumes on modern nonlinear optics (Part 1, 11th chapter). 

At least two nations appear to have weapons programs in this area, but that is beyond the scope of this chapter. Nevertheless, a good theoretical basis for such systems can be taken from the Sachs unified field theory approach presented by Sachs in this series and other places. 

T. E. Bearden, EM corrections enabling a practical unified field theory with emphasis on timecharging interactions of longitudinal EM waves, paper presented at INE Symp. Univ. Utah, Aug. 14-15, 1998, published in J. New Energy, 3(2/3), 12-28 (1998). 

In the unified field theory approach being used [41-45] in spacetime all energy is simply a special curvature of that spacetime, regardless of the form of the energy. (This is believed to resolve the foundations issue pointed out by Feynman [46] It is important to realize that in physics today, we have no... 

M. W. Evans, Precise statement on the importance and implications of 0(3) electrodynamics as a special subset of Sachs unified field theory, (in press). 

Supersymmetry will be investigated, and may lead to unified field theories llidt include gravity,... 

IX. Duality in Grand Unified Field Theory, and LEP1 Data... 

It is concluded within the toy model above that the B(3) field, or more likely a pseudofield, is consistent with an extended SU(2) x 51/(2) model of electroweak interactions. A more complete formalism of the 51/(2) x SU 2) theory with fermion masses will yield more general results. A direct measurement of B(3 should have a major impact on the future of unified field theory and superstring theories. The first such measurement was reported in Ref. 14, (see also Refs. 6 and 7). 

IX. DUALITY IN GRAND UNIFIED FIELD THEORY, AND LEP1 DATA... 

ON THE UNIFIED FIELD THEORY. IV By Tracy Yerkes Thomas Department of Mathematics, Princeton University Communicated December 22, 1930... 

Formal scientific theories tend to operate at a single scale. (Physics has long been beset with the problem of unifying field theories that have grown... 

Klein made an intriguing suggestion about the nature of electric charge [88] on the basis of a five-dimensional unified-field theory. 

We have seen in this section that the factorization of Einstein s symmetric, second-rank tensor field equations (10 relations) to a quaternion form (16 relations) not only yields the gravitational and electromagnetic manifestations of matter in a unified field theory but also reveals a feature of quantum mechanics. In particular, it was found that in the flat-space approximation to the curved-space representation in general relativity, the time component of the electromagnetic four-current density corresponds in a one-to-one way with the probability density of quantum mechanics. Its integration over all of space in this limit is found to be unity. 

---