Ultra-deep desulfurization

Song, C.S. and Ma, X.L., Ultra-deep desulfurization of liquid hydrocarbon fuels Chemistry and process. International Journal of Green Energy, 2004, 1, 167. 

Kim, J.H., Ma, X.L., Zhou, A.N., and Song, C.S. Ultra-deep desulfurization and denitrogenation of diesel fuel by selective adsorption over three different adsorbents A study on adsorptive selectivity and mechanism. Catalysis Today, 2006, 111, 74. 

Li WL, Tang H, Zhang T, Li Q, Xing JM, Liu HZ (2010) Ultra-deep desulfurization adsorbents for hydrotreated diesel with magnetic mesoporous aluminosilicates. AIChE J 56 1391-1396... 

ULTRA DEEP DESULFURIZATION OF DIESEL HOW AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNDERLYING KINETICS CAN REDUCE INVESTMENT COSTS... 

These compounds react quite differently over CoMo and NiMo catalysts, and the response of the two catalysts to the hydrogen sulfide produced during reaction and to inhibitors in the feed is dissimilar. To appreciate the criteria governing the choice of catalyst for ultra deep desulfurization and the consequences for product properties and hydrogen consumption, it is important to imderstand how the most refractive sulfur compounds react as well as the role played by inhibitors. 

Consequences for the Choice of Catalyst in Ultra Deep Desulfurization... 

For each case, calculations have been made to estimate the incremental reactor volume needed to reach a 50 wppm, a 30 wppm and a 10 wppm sulfur specification, and key product properties have been estimated. The basis for the calculations and estimates is extensive testing performed in our laboratories at ultra deep desulfurization conditions. 

CHALLENGES OF ULTRA DEEP DESULFURIZATION OF DIESEL FUELS... 

Approaches to ultra-deep desulfurization include (1) improving catalytic activity by new catalyst formulation for HDS of 4,6-DMDBT (2) tailoring reaction and process conditions (3) designing new reactor configurations and (4) developing new processes. One or more approaches may be employed by a refinery to meet the challenges of producing ultra-clean fiiels at affordable cost. 

Figure 1. Pretreatment adsorptive denitrogentation and direct adsorptive desuifurization processes for the ultra deep desulfurization of fuels.

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