Ubiquinone biosynthesis

HARKER M and BRAMLEY P M (1999) Expression of l-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphatases in E. coli increases carotenoid and ubiquinone biosynthesis , FEBSLett, 448, 115-19. 

Meganathan, R., Ubiquinone biosynthesis in microorganisms, FEMSMicrobiol Lett., 203, 131, 2001. 

Biotin metabolism Folate biosynthesis One carbon pool by folate Retinol metabolism Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism Terpenoid biosynthesis Xenobiotics metabolism Ubiquinone biosynthesis Flavonoids, stilbene, and lignin biosynthesis... 

Biosynthesis.—Ubiquinone. The identification of 3,4-dihydroxyhexaprenylben-zoate (162) in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant strain that cannot synthesize ubiquinone suggests that (162) may be an intermediate in ubiquinone-6 biosynthesis in eukaryotes, in contrast to the pathway via 2-polyprenylphenol which operates in prokaryotes. In mammalian systems alternative routes have been discussed for ubiquinone biosynthesis in rats." Some properties of mitochondrial 4-hydroxybenzoate-polyprenol transferase have been described."" ... 

Several papers report new findings on ubiquinone biosynthesis. A mitochondrial membrane-rich preparation from baker s yeast can convert 4-hydroxybenzoate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate into the ubiquinone precursor 3-all-trans-hexaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (234). Details of the cell-free system are presented. With preformed polyprenyl pyrophosphates, the system catalysed the polyprenylation of several aromatic compounds, e.g. methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, and 4-hydroxycinnamate. No evidence was obtained for the involvement of 4-hydr-oxybenzoyl-CoA or 4-hydroxybenzoyl-S-protein in the reaction. With shorter-chain prenyl pyrophosphates a shorter prenyl side-chain was introduced, e.g. geranyl and farnesyl pyrophosphates gave products with a 3-diprenyl and 3-triprenyl side-chain respectively. A crude enzyme preparation from E. coli... 

Szkopinska A, Ubiquinone. Biosynthesis of quinone ring and its isoprenoid side chain. Intracellular localization. Acta Biochim. Polonica. 2000 47 469 80. 

Sterol and ubiquinone biosynthesis in fibroblasts exhibit differing sensitivities to LDL [219]. 

While the majority of aromatic hydroxylases are bacterial catabolic enzymes, several have been discovered in mammals, playing a role in ubiquinone biosynthesis, neurotransmitter chemistry, and cell differentiation. ... 

Biosynthesis. Two reviews have been published on the biosynthesis of ubiquinone " and one on the regulation of prenylquinone biosynthesis. A new intermediate in ubiquinone biosynthesis by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 

---