Two-K method

The pressure drop established in Equation 2.35 can be presented in two unrelated heads. The first term AfL/d depends on the friction factor and pipe geometry — normally expressed as K-factor — whereas the second term v /g only depends on the velocity of the fluid, the velocity head. Using the two factors, the general equation of pressure drop can be modified as 

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Hooper, W. B., The Two-K Method Predicts Head Losses in Pipe Fittings, Chemical Engineering, Aug. 24, 1981, p. 96. 

THIS PROGRAM USES THE TWO-K METHOD TO CALCULATE THE TOTAL ... 

Hooper developed a new technique called two-K method to predict the head loss in pipe fittings [49], He defined K, a dimensionless factor, as the excess head loss in a pipe fitting, expressed in velocity heads. It is a function of Reynolds number and of the exact geometry of the fitting as... 

Hooper (1981) presented a two-K method for determining the loss coefficient for laminar and turbulent flow through various fittings and valves. This method consists of two factors, one for laminar flow, Ki and the other for turbulent flow, Keurb- Unlike that for IQiirb, there is little data available for Ki. Experimental data over the full range of laminar and turbulent flow are presented for flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in various fittings. The experimental procedures for the accurate determination of loss coefficients are described. 

Hooper, W.B. (1981). The two-K method predicts head losses in pipe fittings. Chemical Engineering, August, pp. 96-100... 

Most line has pipe fittings, such as elbows, tees, reducers. It also has block valves, check valves, or instruments, such as control valve and oriflce flow meter. They will cause pressure drop in tine. In this section, we will discuss how to calculate pressure drop thru pipe fltting, block valve, check valve, and control valve using loss coefficient, K, since their pressure drops are required in hydraulic loop pressure profile calculation. Darby s 3-K. method will be used to calculate these pressure drops [ 12]. It is better than two K method or equivalent line length methods. Fittings and valves pressure drop (in terms of pressure head, H) is calculated by flillowing equation, ... 

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