Triglycerides synthesis, control

Denton, R. M., and Halperin, M. L., 1968, The control of fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis in rat epididymal adipose tissue, Biochem. ]. 110 27. 

The neurohormonal control of lipid metabolism chiefly affects the mobilization and synthesis of triglycerides in the fat tissue. The lipolysis in tissues is dependent upon the activity of triglyceride lipase. All the regulators that favour the conversion of the inactive (nonphosphorylated) lipase to the active (phosphoiylated) one, stimulate the lipolysis and the release of fatty acids into the blood. Adrenalin... 

Triglyceride and fatty acid synthesis are promoted by insulin stimulation of liver and adipose tissues by causing the phosphorylation of the first and controlling enzyme in the pathway acetyl-CoA carboxylase (see Section 6.3.2). This enzyme catalyses the formation of malonyl-CoA and requires both allosteric activation by citrate and covalent modification for full activity. 

Fatty acids are absorbed from the bloodstream by adipocytes. Using glycerol-3-phosphate, produced as a by-product of glycolysis, triglycerides are synthesized. Triglycerides are constantly being hydrolyzed and resynthesized in adipocytes. The rates of hydrolysis and synthesis are determined by lipases that are under hormonal control. 

Soares CMF, De Castro HF, Santana MHA et al. (2002) Intensification of lipase performance for long-term operation by immobilization on controlled pore silica in presence of polyethylene glycol. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 98-100 863-874 Soumanou MM, Bornschener UT, Menge U (1997) Synthesis of structured triglycerides firom peanut oil with immobilized lipase. JAOCS 74 427-433 Soumanou MM, Bomscheuer UT (2003) Improvement in Upase-catalyzed synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters from sunflower oil. Enzyme Microb Technol 33(1) 97-103 Straathof AJJ, Panke S, Schmid A (2002) The production of fine chemicals by biotransformations. Curr Opin Biotechnol 13 548-556... 

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