Tricine

The luciferin-luciferase reaction of Arachnocampa was first demonstrated by Wood (1993), by mixing a cold-water extract and a cooled hot-water extract. The cold-water extract was prepared with 27 mM Tricine, pH 7.4, containing 7mM MgSC>4, 0.2 mM EDTA, 10% glycerol and 1% Triton X-100, and incubated with 1 mM ATP on ice for 18 hr. The hot-water extract was prepared by heating the cold water extract before the addition of ATP at 98°C for 5 min. The luminescence reaction was performed in the presence of 1 mM ATP. 

Hall, M. S., and Leach, F. R. (1988). Stability of firefly luciferase in Tricine buffer and in a commercial enzyme stabilizer. /. Biolumin. Chemilumin. 2 41-44. 

Equilibrium studies in water were performed for [Mc2Sn(IV)] complexes of zwitterion buffers, such as bicine and tricine (L). The results showed the formation of MLH, ML, ML2, MLH i, and MLH 2 with the hydrolysis products of the... 

Recent scientific investigations of natural polyphenols have demonstrated their powerful antioxidant property (Niki et al, 1995). Several classes of polyphenols have been chemically identified. Some of these are grape polyphenols, tea polyphenols, soy polyphenols, oligomeric proanthocyanidines (OPA) and other natural polyphenols of the flavone class. Rice bran polyphenols are different from the above in that they are p-hydroxy cinnamic acid derivatives such as p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and p-sinapic acid. Tricin, a flavone derivative, has also been isolated from rice bran. 

Studies by Hudson et al, (2000) have demonstrated the presence of eight polyphenols in rice bran by using high-pressure liquid chromatography. They are protocatechuic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, sinapic aci vanillic acid, caffeic acid, which is a methoxycirmamic acid derivative, and tricin. The effect of these polyphenols on cell viability and on the colony-forming ability of human-derived MDA MB 468 and HBL 100 breast cells, colon-derived SW 480 and human colonic epithelial cells was assessed. These authors concluded that rice bran polyphenols have putative cancer chemopreventive properties. 

Figure 16 Capillary electrophoretic separations of r-HuEPO at 1 mg/ml in 50 cm x 75 p i.d. uncoated capillary at 10 kV. Buffers used were (A) 10 mM tricine/10 mM NaCl, pH 6.2 (B) 10 mM tricine/10 mM NaCl/2.5 mM 1,4-diaminobutane, pH 6.2 and (C) 10 mM tricine/10 mM NaCl/2.5 l,4-DAB/7M urea, pH 6.2. (From Watson, E. and Yao, F., Anal. Biochem., 210, 389, 1993. With permission.)...

Tc(V) gluconate and glucoheptonate are often used when the reaction should be carried out in a neutral aqueous- or mixed aqueous/organic medium, and a rapid exchange reaction and high radiochemical purity of the product is required. In radiopharmaceutical preparations, Tc(V) tartrate is also quite often used. For labelling modified antibodies Tc(V) tricine has recently been particularly recommended [33],... 

Verschoyle R D, Greaves P, Cai H, Borkhardt A, Broggini M, D Incalci M, Ricci E, Doppalapudi R, Kapetanovic I M, Steward W P and Gescher A J (2005), Preliminary safety evaluation of the putative cancer chemopreventive agent tricin, a naturally occurring flavone , Cancer Chem Pharmacol, 57, 1-6. 

Schagger, H. and G. von Jagow (1987) Tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the separation of proteins in the range from 1 to 100 kDa. Anal. Biochem., 166 368-379... 

Fig. 20.3 Preparation of pheromone extract for behavioural trials. Secreted proteins from D. ocoee pheromone were size fractionated on Sephadex-G75 gel filtration resin prior to behavioural testing. AU (absorption units) = wavelength = 220 nm). Inset SDS-PAGE (15% Tris-Tricine) lanes are A. Standards, B. Whole extract, C-G. pooled and concentrated fractions 12-16, 17-20, 21-24, 25-28 and 25-39 respectively. The experimental pheromone fraction was D ( 17—20)...

Fig. 20.4 Comparison of secreted proteins in pheromone extracted (A) from mental glands of Desmognathus ocoee (which has non-olfactory pheromone delivery) with (B) pheromone extracted from Plethodon shermani (which has olfactory delivery). Lanes 1 and 3 are MW standards. SDS-PAGE (15% Tris-Tricine)... 

The pH optimum of an enzyme will often vary from one substrate to another and must be determined for each substrate. The buffer system used will often affect the overall activity of an enzyme and may alter its pH optimum. In general, the amino buffers such as glycylglycine and tricine, etc. (Table 8.2) result in a greater enzyme activity than do the simple inorganic buffers such as phosphate and carbonate. Buffers are most effective over a narrow pH range (approximately two units) which centres on their pK, value. Those buffers with pKa values similar to the known optimum pH of the enzyme should be tested for their effect on the activity of the enzyme over a limited pH range. 

Collagenase assays were carried out in 50 mM Tricine, 0.2 M NaCl, 10 mM CaClj (pH 7.5) at 30°C using rat type I collagen as substrate. 

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