Tributyltin oxide structure

The most important of the compounds from an ecotoxicological point of view, and the one that will be used here as an example, is tributyltin oxide (TBTO). Its structure is shown in Figure 8.5. 

Scadding, S.R. 1990. Effects of tributyltin oxide on the skeletal structures of developing and regenerating limbs of axolotyl larvae, Ambystoma mexicanum. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 45 574-581. 

Certain organotins, such as di- -octyltin dichloride (DOTC) and tributyltin oxide (TBTO), alter the structure and function of the thymus and consequently affect pri-... 

The triorganotin species have been used as industrial biocides for over 30 years [117, 118]. Examples are triphenyltin hydroxide (structure 5) for fungal diseases on celery, rice, sugar beets, and coffee tricyclohexylstannyl-1,2,4-triazole (structure 6) as an acaricide for apple, pear, and citrus fruit trees bistributyltin oxide (structure 7) as a wood preservative and tributyltin-methylacrylate monomers (structure 8) polymerized with other acrylates to yield a marine antifoulant polymer that prevents the build of up barnacles, algae, and other marine animals on ships. 

Bis(tributyltin) oxide reacts with dicyclohexylammonium oxalate to give a stannate which forms an ethanol adduct with the structure shown in 13-7, in which the configuration about the medial and terminal tin atoms is that of a distorted trigonal bipyramid.20... 

Figure 5.12 The molecular structure of bis(tributyltin) oxide (TBTO) the molecular weight of this compound is 596.12, while the atomic weight of tin is 118.69.

The synthesis began with the condensation of 4-bromo-l,2-diaminobenzene with 2-bromo-l-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)ethanone to provide two separable isomeric products. The products were crystallized and examined by X-ray crystallography to confirm the structures. The desired product was the major compound isolated at 36.7% yield. Formation of the aryl tributyltin was accomplished under a standard Stille coupling procedure, followed by conversion to the isotopically-enriched iodine under acidic oxidizing conditions to provide one of the desired isotopically-labelled drags needed for the monitoring of the Alzeheimer s patients. 

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