Transport in solids

Chadwick A V and J Corish 1997. Defects and Matter Transport in Solid Materials. In NATO ASI Series C 498 (New Trends in Materials Chemistry), pp. 285-318. 

Van Gool, W. (ed.) (1973) Fast Ion Transport in Solids Solid-State Batteries and Devices (North-Holland, Amsterdam). 

Ionic transport in solids originates from the atomic disorder in real crystals compared with ideal crystal lattices. The most important defects of this kind are ... 

Ionic transport in solid electrolytes and electrodes may also be treated by the statistical process of successive jumps between the various accessible sites of the lattice. For random motion in a three-dimensional isotropic crystal, the diffusivity is related to the jump distance r and the jump frequency v by [3] ... 

RK Jain, J Wei. Dynamics of drug transport in solid tumors Distributed parameter models. J Bioeng 1 313-330, 1977. 

K. C. Kao and W. Hwang, Electrical Transport in Solids with Partial Reference to Organic Semiconductors, Pergamon, Oxford, 1981. 

Peter J. Price, Monte Carlo Calculation of Electron Transport in Solids... 

In summary, the main issues were presented here concerning experimental investigation of fast-electron transport in solids irradiated at ultra-high intensity using high-power, femtosecond laser pulses. A discussion was given on... 

Fig. 3. Oxygen transport in solids. 02 is dissociated and ionized at the reduction interface to give O2 ions, which are transferred across the solid to the oxidation interface, at which they lose the electrons to return back to 02 molecules that are released to the stream, (a) In the solid electrolyte cell based on a classical solid electrolyte, the ionic oxygen transport requires electrodes and external circuitry to transfer the electrons from the oxidation interface to the reduction interface (b) in the mixed conducting oxide membrane, the ionic oxygen transport does not require electrodes and external circuitry to transfer the electrons to the reduction interface from the oxidation interface, because the mixed conductor oxide provides high conductivities for both oxygen ions and electrons.

Scott, K., Kraemer, S., and Sundmacher, K. Gas and liquid mass transport in solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Institution of Chemical Engineers Symposium Series 1999 11-20. 

In this book and in general, the concentration, d, is used to represent the number of mobile species, ions or vacancies, per unit volume whereas is always the fraction of the crystallographically equivalent sites that are occupied by ions. Often if > 0.5 we talk of ion migration and c refers to ion concentration, whereas if < 0.5 we talk of vacancy migration and c refers to the concentration of vacancies. However, this is simply a convenient way of thinking about ion transport in solids by focusing on the minority species. It is equally possible to describe conduction always in terms of ions or of vacancies provided account is taken of the fact that both the concentration of mobile species and sites to which they may migrate are important. The importance of c and (1 — c) is emphasised and placed within a unified framework in Chapter 3. The concentration of ions Ci is related to the occupancy by = cJC, where C is the concentration of the sites. 

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